多媒体通信技术RTP.ppt

RTP/RTCP Background; Overview; Basic concepts; RTP RTCP Applications of RTCP; Applications of RTP; Background December 1992, Henning Schulzrinne, GMD Berlin, published RTP version 1 Proposed (version 2) as standard November,1995 Widely used in multimedia communications; Background (cont’d) Background (cont’d) Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) RFC1889 RTP provides end-to-end delivery services for real-time data interactive audio, video source and payload type identification sequence numbering (reseq, loss detection) time-stamping (for intra and inter-media sync) delivery monitoring and feedback Runs over UDP (multiplexing, checksum) Designed primarily for multicast of real-time data (also unicast, simplex, duplex) RTP Does not provide: quality of service guarantees synchronization among media streams Lower layers or application can provide such guarantees sequence numbers and timestamps can be used by application to provide synchronization Session control RTP does NOT provide session control access control floor control etc. need different protocols for those Components RTP; RTCP; Profile --- application-oriented configuration; Format --- media-oriented configuration; RTP components RTP: The real-time transport protocol that carries data with real-time properties Packet format; Functional entity; RTCP: RTP control protocol: monitors QoS, conveys info about participants “loosely controlled” sessions, e.g., no membership control more tightly controlled sessions require separate session control protocol uses one port higher than RTP RTP Architecture Very thin transport layer to avoid restricting the application designer RTP may often be integrated into the application rather than a separate layer Definitions of several header fields deferred to A/V profile - e.g., marker bit Profile specification “Defines payload type codes and their mapping to payload formats (e.g., media encodings). A profile may also define extensions or modifications to RTP that are specific