清华材料科学基础课件(英文)skja7.pptVIP

材料科学基础 材料科学基础Fundamental of Materials §2.9 Some Additional Terminology in Crystallography Ⅰ. Single crystal versus polycrystal 1. For single crystals there is only one type of structure with same orientation. Single crystals is characterized by anisotropy. 2. Polycrystal consists of a lot of grain, small single crystals, with same structure but different orientations. These small single crystals are called grains. The boundaries between them are called grain boundaries. Ⅱ. Allotropy Same crystal has different crystallographic st