宽间距麦克风阵列实时无模糊多声源被动测向Real-电子与信息学报.PDFVIP

第33 卷第9 期 电 子 与 信 息 学 报 Vol.33No.9 2011 年9 月 Journal of Electronics Information Technology Sept. 2011 宽间距麦克风阵列实时无模糊多声源被动测向 许志勇* 赵 兆 刘 明 (南京理工大学电子工程与光电技术学院 南京 210094) 摘 要：该文针对宽间距麦克风阵列多源被动实时测向问题，研究了一种基于迭代互谱加权直方图的多源时延估计 算法，利用声频信号的短时频谱稀疏性与正交性假设以及时延模糊周期的频变特点，在各声源真实时延处分别形成 瞬时最大信噪比峰突，同时有效抑制因相差绕卷模糊引起的时延旁瓣，去除了多数现有基于时频稀疏特性的多源测 向算法对阵元间距必须不大于最小信号波长之半的限制，使阵列系统可以兼具大孔径和低复杂度，数值仿真结果证 明了所提算法的有效性。 关键词：麦克风阵列；无模糊时延估计；多源被动测向；相差绕卷模糊 中图分类号： TN912.3 文献标识码： A 文章编号：1009-5896(2011)09-2056-06 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2010.01273 Real-time Unambiguious Passive Direction Finding for Multiple Sound Sources with Widely Spaced Microphone Array Xu Zhi-yong Zhao Zhao Liu Ming (School of Electronic Engineering and Optic-Electronic Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China) Abstract: A multi-source time-delay estimation algorithm based on iterative cross-spectrum weighted histogram is studied for real-time passive direction finding of multiple sound sources with a widely spaced microphone array. By using the short-time spectral sparseness and orthogonality assumption of audio signals as well as the frequency-varying characteristic of delay ambiguity periods, instantaneous maximum signal-to-noise ratio peaks on the true delays of concurrent sounds can be obtained simultaneously without obvious sidelobes caused by phase-difference wraparound ambiguity. As a result, the common limitation in most existing sparseness based methods on the microphone spacing that must be no greater than half the minimum wavelength of signals is removed, leading