透明颤菌血红蛋白论文：透明颤菌血红蛋白 D-区域 结构与功能.docVIP

【关键词】透明颤菌血红蛋白 D-区域 结构与功能 【英文关键词】vitreoscilla hemoglobin D-region structure and function 透明颤菌血红蛋白论文：透明颤菌血红蛋白D-区域的结构与功能理论研究 【中文摘要】血红蛋白是广泛的存在于动植物及微生物中，血红蛋白以其运输氧气到体内维持体内氧的消耗而被人们所了解。透明颤菌血红蛋白的发现，标志着血红蛋白的研究领域扩展到原核生物界，从此人们对血红蛋白有了更深入的认识。1986年，WakabayshI确定了透明颤菌血红蛋白的氨基酸的一级序列，并正式把透明颤菌血红蛋白命名为VHb。随着研究的深入，人们了解到透明颤菌血红蛋白能在限氧的条件下更好的表达，并且与真核生物血红蛋白相比，透明颤菌血红蛋白的具有更高的氧解离速率。VHb这种在限氧条件下高效的转运氧气到宿主中的性质被广泛的应用到微生物代谢及植物代谢中。在微生物代谢中，氧的浓度往往是制约微生物生长效率的关键因素，但VHb可以在低氧浓度的情况下大量的表达，且运载氧气到宿主中，这可以解决微生物发酵的氧气供应的问题，在微生物发酵中如大肠杆菌、链霉菌、芽孢杆菌以及酵母菌等工程菌中有重要的应用。同样在植物代谢中，VHb这种低氧浓度下高效运载氧的能力可以提高农作物的耐淹性质，提高植物的生长特性。关于VHb的生理功能的解释，目前有两种主流的解释：一是扩散促进假说，该假说认为在低氧的浓度下，VHb把氧转运到终端氧化酶处，从而增加了传氧效率。Khosla和Bailey发现将VHb在大肠杆菌中重组表达后，大部分的VHb被转运到周质空间和细胞内支持了这一假说。另一假说为氧化 【英文摘要】Oxygen transport by hemoprotein is a widespread biological function which hasbeen recongnized in animals, plants, and microoriganisms. That the vitreoscillahemoglobin was found marked the beginning of the study of mircrobial hemoglobinsas an active area of inquiry. The report by Wakabaysh showed the amino acidsequence of VHb in1986, and first named vitreoscilla hemoglobin. With furtherresearch, people learned that the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin expression well inconditions of limited oxygen. Comparing with the hemoglobin of eukaryotic, Oxygendissociation rate of the vitreoscilla hemoglobin was higher. The efficient that VHbtransports oxygen to the host is widely applied to microbial metabolism and plantmetabolism. In process of microbial, the oxygen concentration is a key factor thatrestricts the efficiency of microbial growth. VHb carries oxygen to the host that cansolve the problem of oxygen supply. in process of microbial fermentation, such as E.coli, Streptomyces, Bacillus, and yeast engineered bacteria have importantapplications. As plant metabolism, the ability of effient delivery of oxygen canimprove the growth of submergence of crops and the plant charateristics.About thephysiological function of VHb, there are two mainstream interpretationhypothesis.one