旧戏论争论文：回眸世纪之争：五四时期《新青年》旧戏论争的文化反思.docVIP

旧戏论争论文：回眸世纪之争：五四时期《新青年》旧戏论争的文化反思 【中文摘要】五四时期发生于《新青年》的旧戏论争,一方是北大在读的学生张厚载,一方是阵容强大的《新青年》编辑同人胡适、钱玄同、陈独秀、刘半农、周作人以及学生傅斯年等人,双方你来我往,围绕以京剧为代表的近代戏曲的评价问题,展开了充分的论战,其观点与评价,对二十世纪中国戏剧与戏曲产生了深远的影响。回眸世纪之争,可以发现论争背后既有编辑策略的参与,更交织着转型时代的救亡动机、文化焦虑与艺术自觉等复杂信息。晚清戏剧改良是五四论争的历史背景,借文学改造精神的思想革命理念是《新青年》批判旧戏的思想背景;旧戏“形式”的评价,是双方论争的焦点,文学革命者将以京剧为代表的近代戏曲的内容与形式,视作落后思想的表现与载体,在进化论视野中展开无情的批判,以张厚载为代表的守护方则本着对京剧艺术的谙熟与热爱,在“形式”问题上捍卫传统戏曲的艺术独特性。文学革命者的“非艺术”态度未免失之激进,但其对旧戏形式的批判,也揭示了传统戏曲“程式化”特点中隐藏的重感性审美而轻精神提升的关键问题。对双方立场的理性反思,有利于我们探索中国戏剧发展的更为健全的道路。 【英文摘要】A controversy about traditional opera occurred in揘ew Youth攎agazine during May Fourth times. One side in the argument was a Beijing University student Zhang Houzai. The other side were some famous editors of揘ew Youth攎agazine, for example Hu Shi, Qian Xuantong, Chen Duxiu, Liu Bannong, Zhou Zuoren, and some students such as Fu Sinian. They argued fiercely around the evaluation of Chinese modern opera which is represented by Beijing opera. Their notion and evaluation produced far-reaching effects to the 20th century Chinese drama and opera. This important argument contains complex connotations, not only the editorial policy but also the integration of purposes of national salvation, cultural anxiety, self-conscious of arts in the transition times. The drama reform during late Qing dynasty is the historical background of the controversy during May Fourth movement. And the ideological revolutionary notion that we should use literature to transform our spirit is the notion background of揘ew Youth攎agazine抯 critique of traditional opera. The focus of the controversy was the evaluation about the form of traditional opera. In the literature revolutionist′s opinion, Chinese modern opera which is represented by Beijing opera, whose content and form have been the representation and carriers of old ideas, so they criticized it fiercely in the vision of evolutionism. But guardians represented by Zhang Houzai, who were familiar with Beijing opera and loved it so deeply, defended t