【仪表工程】STAYING WITHIN PROTECTED AIRSPACE.pdfVIP

At higher altitudes, protected airspace helps to maintain Navigational Aid (NAVAID) or airfield. Consequently, separation between aircraft. At lower altitudes, protected you need to understand that in some cases, flying to the airspace also provides separation from terrain or same standards required during your instrument rating obstructions. But, what does it mean to be established flight test does not necessarily ensure that your aircraft on course? How wide is the protected airspace of a par- will remain within protected airspace during IFR opera- ticular route? How can you tell from the cockpit whether tions or that your aircraft will be in a position from your aircraft is nearing the limits of protected airspace? which descent to a landing can be made using normal The intent of this appendix is to answer these questions maneuvers. and explain the general limits of protected airspace by means of typical instrument indications. For example, the PTS requires tracking a selected course, radial, or bearing within 3/4 of full-scale deflec- Some pilots assume that flying to the tolerances set out tion (FSD) of the course deviation indicator (CDI). in the FAA Instrument Practical Test Standards (PTS) Since very high frequency omnidirectional ranges (/education_research/testing/air- (VORs) use angular cross track deviation, the 3/4 scale men/test_standards/) will keep them within protected deflection equates to 7.5 degrees, and means that the air- airspace. As a result, it is important to observe the last craft could be as much as 6.7 NM from the centerline sentence of the followi