环境工程英语原文对照翻译.docx

Reducing the Heavy Metal Content of Sewage Sludge by Advanced Sludge Treatment MethodsABSTRACTWaste-activated sludge (WAS) processes are key technologies to treat wastewater: their effluents can meet stringent discharge standards, thus ensuring a minimum residual impact on the aquatic environment. The presence of heavy metals in the excess sludge poses, however, serious problems, and considerably hampers the final disposal alternatives, especially in the agricultural use (soil improvement/amendment). This article studies the effect of thermal hydrolysis and Fenton’s peroxidation on the heavy metal content of the dewatered sludge. Acid thermal hydrolysis reduces the heavy metal content in the filter cake except for Cu, Hg, and Pb. Alkaline thermal hydrolysis releases Cu, Pb, and Cr. Fenton’s peroxidation transfers Cd, Cu, and Ni from the filter cake into the filtrate. Land application of the residual cake can hence be reconsidered. INTRODUCTIONWASTE-ACTIVATED SLUDGE (WAS) processes are key technologies to treat wastewater: their effluents can meet stringent discharge standards, thus ensuring a minimum residual impact on the aquatic environment. Through their microbial activity, these biological processes produce huge amounts of WAS, now commonly called biosolids. This excess sludge is an inevitable drawback inherent to the WAS process. Increasing amounts of WAS have to be dealt with due to (1) the higher wastewater collection rates, (2) the reliability and efficiency of wastewater treatment plants, and (3) the widespread application of denitrification and dephosphatation. The presence of heavy metals in the excess sludge poses, however, serious problems, since they are among the most important factors in assessing the final disposal alternatives of the sludge, for example, they will accumulate in the fly ash in the event of incineration, can be released through leaching in landfills, or may prevent land application.Many countries have imposed legal restrictions conce