英语 -ED分词 的用法.doc

-ED分词 -ED分词 -ED分词（-ED Participle）即传统语法所指的“过去分词”（Past Participle）, 是非限定动词之一。 -ED分词有两种形式：规则动词形式和不规则动词形式。规则动词形式由规则动词＋-ED构成；不规则动词有其特殊的-ED分词。在语法功能上，它在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同，可以作表语，定语，状语，也可以用在复合结构中，不管它作什么成分，其最基本的含义是“被动”的。-ED分词在语法功能和意义上与-ING分词有一定的区别。 一、-ED分词与-ING分词的区别  虽然在语法功能上，-ED分词在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同，但在意义上两者有差别：-ED分词表示被动的意义而-ING分词则表示主动的意义；-ED分词表示已经完成和被动的动作而 -ING分词则表示一般性的或正在进行的动作，在表现形式上，-ING分词有“一般式”和“完成式”与“主动式”和“被动式”之分；而-ED分词只有一种形式。下边我们分析-ING分词与-ED分词在语法功用上的区别。  1. 作表语时，-ING分词表示主语所具有的特征而-ED分词表示主语所处的状态??? The book is quite interesting.?I am interested in the book very much.??? The play is more exciting than any I have ever seen.  ? That piece of land lay deserted. 2. 作状语时-ING分词表示主语正在进行的另一动作而-ED分词则表示主语发生动作的背景或情况 1) Having been served lunch，_________ . ??? ［A］ the problem was discussed by the members of the committee ??? ［B］ the committee members discussed the problem ??? ［C］ it was discussed by the committee members the problem ??? ［D］ a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee (B) 2) _______for her anthropological(人类学的) research，Margaret Mead also was involved with(涉及) the World Federation for Mental Health. ??[A] She is noted primarily [B] Noted primarily ?[C] Primarily is noted???[D] She primarily noted (B)?3) Considered one of the leading poets in America today，___________ .??? ［A］ a number of books and plays have also been written by Sonia Sanchez??? ［B］ Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of books and plays??? ［C］ a number of Sonia Sanchezs books and plays have been written??? ［D］ there have been a number of books and plays written by Sonia Sanchez (B) 3. 作定语时， ① -ING分词表示正在进行的动作，而-ED分词表示动作发生在谓语动词之前；②-ING分词表示它所修饰的词经常或当时的状态，而-ED分词则没有时间性；③-ING分词表示主动，而-ED分词表示被动 Identify and correct: ??? 1） The boiled [A］point of any liquid [ B］is determined［C］by the pressure [D］of the surrounding gases. 将boiled 改成boiling ?? 2） High-grade [A］written [B］paper is frequently ［C］ obtained ［D］ from cotton rags. ??