高考英语单项选择题详解及答案.doc

21. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and _____ him of speeding. A. charged B. accused C. blamed D. deprived [答案] B. accused. [注释]accuse sb. of... 控告某人犯有......, warn sb. of警告、告戒某人有......deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某事。charge sb. with murder (指控某人犯有杀人罪) 。 22. Mr. Smith gradually _____ a knowledge of the subject. A. attained B. achieved C. required D. acquired [答案] D. acquired. [注释]acquired (=gain for oneself by skill or ability, by ones own efforts or behavior) (由技术、能力、努力或行为) 获得; 得到：He has acquired a good command of English language. (他已精通英语。) achieve, vt. 取得 (胜利、成功等) , 实现 (目标、目的等) 。 attain, vt. 达到 (目的等) , 取得 (成就等) ：1) I hope you will attain your object. (我希望你会达到你的目的。) 2) He attained success through hard work. 23. This is the _____ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works. A. actual B. genuine C. real D. original [答案] A. actual [注释]本题中actual (=existing in fact, not imaginary) 实际使用过的。 actual, read, genuine是同义词, 有时可以互换, 如：an actual (or real) event in history, (历史上的真实事件) , real (or genuine) banknotes (真钞票), 其反义词是false (假的) ; original (原来的) , 其反义词是duplicate (复制的) 。从不同的角度看, 似乎任何一个选择都说得过去, 但按照题意选A. actual 最佳, 因为题中强调的不是钢琴的真假, 而是指作曲家“实际使用过的”。本题译文：这是作曲家创作他的一些杰出作品时实际使用过的那台钢琴。 24. My camera can be _____ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions. A. treated B. adopted C. adjusted D. remedied [答案] C. adjusted. [注释]adjust (=arrange, put in order or agreement; make suitable or convenient for use) 强调, 调节, 使适应; The body adjusts itself to change of temperature. (身体能自行调节以适应温度的变化。) My eyes have not been adjusted to dark yet. (我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。) 本句中adjust是不及物动词。I must adjust my watch. Its slow. (我必须调一下我的表。它走得慢了。) 25. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _____ of maturity. A. fulfillment B. achievement C. establishment D. accomplishment [答案] B. achievement [注释]achievement (=something successfully finished or gained especially through skill and hard work)