2013年春季班 初二英语 第8课时.doc

望子成龙学校春季八年级英语讲义(9) 时间 2013-4- 校区 课次 第9次课 科目 英语 内容 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? Part One Grammar Focus 【The Present Perfect Tense (现在完成时态)】 定义一： 过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果。 1. 谓语结构：have / has + done (肯定句) have / has not + done (否定句) Have / Has + 主语 + done (一般疑问句) 【have / has 为助动词, 无实义。(过去分词的变化和过去式相同)】 2. 暗示词：ever (曾经), never, already (已经；用于肯定句), yet (还，已经；用于否定句和疑问句) ；before (以前) some times (几次), many times (多次) 3. Key points： (1) 无具体时间。只问做没做,用现在完成时态。 (2) 有具体的过去时间状语；问动作发生的时间和地点时, 用一般过去时态。 4. 知识辨析： (1) have / has been to + 地点名词 曾经去过某地 (接副词不要to) (2) have / has gone to + 地点名词 已经去了某地 (人已经走了) (3) have / has been in + 地点名词 注意：地点为副词here, there, home时，不要介词。 5. before和ago的区别：ago : 用于一般过去时态；before用于现在完成时态。 定义二：过去开始的动作或状态，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去。 暗示词：for + 一段时间；since + 时间点；since + 一般过去时态的句子； so far (迄今为止) = for now，in the last few years (在刚过去的几年的时间里) 2. 易错点：要和延续性动词连用。 3. 常考的延续性动词： 类型 非延续性 延续性 换词型 buy have borrow keep catch a cold have a cold put on wear be + adj die be + dead open be + open close be + closed be + prep / adv begin / start be + on leave (…) be + away (from …) join be + in go be + there come be + here 4. 表示动作还要将持续下去，可以用现在完成进行时态：表示“一直干某事” have / has + been + doing Grammar Practice: 一、请用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. - Sandy, ________ you _________ (clean) the blackboard yet? - No, I __________. I _________ (clean) it in a minute. 2. Sue _________ (like) to eat meat very much last year, but this year, he ________ (like) eating vegetables. He _________________(eat) them in the county many times. 3. –I __________ (never return) to my school since I ________ ( leave) there in 1991. 4. - _________ Nancy _________ (be) to London before? - Yes, she __________ (go) there two years ago. 5. They (visit) some places of interest since they came to China. 6. Hurry up! The play (begin)for ten minutes. 7. ---How long have you