车辆防撞预警系统研究本科毕业设计说明书.docVIP

（ 二 〇 一 三 年 六 月 摘 要 道路交通事故的多发造成人员财产的重大损失，与之相关的安全技术日益成为研究重点。汽车自动防撞系统是一项基于智能交通系统的先进安全技术，对于提高道路交通的安全水平，降低交通安全事故发生率，促进智能交通系统的发展及实现具有重要意义。 本文以车辆防撞预警系统为研究对象，利用超声波不容易受到外界环境影响、精度高、范围大的特点，提出了一种基于FPGA芯片的超声波测距系统，分析了超声波测距原理和超声波需要从外界获取的参数，设计了超声波测距的硬件、软件系统，确定了实现系统功能所需的关键技术。经实验证实，该系统具有集成度高，反应快速，测量精度高，性价比高的特点，可以完成倒车雷达等泊车辅助系统所需要的测距任务，具有一定的的应用前景和使用价值。本文所设计的汽车自动防撞系统，对于提高车辆的主动安全性，降低交通事故发生率，减小交通事故带来的损害，保障安全行车具有重要意义。 关键词：超声波；测距；倒车雷达；汽车防撞 Abstract Road traffic accidents bring the significant loss to people and personal property. The related security technology has become a new research focus. Automobile automatic collision avoidance system is an advanced security technology based on intelligent transportation systems, which is of great significance to improve the level of road traffic safety, reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, and promote the development of intelligent transportation system and its implementation. Choosing the vehicle collision avoidance warning system as the research object, taking the advantage of the fact that the ultrasonic is not easy to be affected by external environment, the characteristics of its high precision and large range, this paper puts forward a kind of ultrasonic ranging system based on the FPGA chip, and analyzes the ultrasonic ranging principles and parameters which ultrasound needs to get from the outside world, designs the hardware and software system of the ultrasonic ranging, and determines the key technology needed for the realization of system functions. It is confirmed by experiments that the system has the features of high integration, fast response, high accuracy and cost-effective, and it can complete the needed range tasks of the parking assist system like back-draft radar, which leads to the fact that it has a certain application prospect and using value. The design of automobile automatic collision avoidance system in this paper is of great significance to improve vehicle active safety, reduce traffi