picc 置管静脉血栓的预防护理.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 PICC 置管静脉血栓的预防护理 1.扬州市江都人民医院 225200；2.江都第二人民医院 225200 【摘要】经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（PICC）现已广泛应用临床，它具有操作简单、留置时间长、安全性高等优点，实现了“全程输液治疗只需一针”的工作特点，明显减少了患者反复穿刺的痛苦【1】、减少药物外渗的风险、减少了外周小静脉的损伤，同时又具有带管者可以自由活动、维护方便，提高了患者的生活质量。适用于中长期需要静脉输液的患者，尤其适用于肿瘤化疗的患者。但PICC置管后也存在一些并发症，其中静脉血栓是最严重的，一旦发生，有危及患者生命安全，且增加了患者的痛苦和经济负担，因此于2014年至2015年我院对肿瘤化疗的120例患者行PICC置管，在置管的全程中采取全方位的预防血栓发生的护理措施，取得了满意效果，现介绍如下。 【关键词】PICC 静脉血栓 预防护理 The prevention and nursing of venous thrombosis of the PICC tube Abstract: the central venous catheter (PICC) has been widely used in clinical practice. It has the advantages of simple operation, long retention time and high safety. It achieves the objective of infusion in the whole course of treatment only requires one shot, significantly reduced the pain of patients with repeated puncture, reduce the risk of drug extravasation, and reduce the injury to the small peripheral vein. At the same time, it has the advantages of free activities and convenient maintenance, which can improve the quality of life of patients. It is suitable for patients who need intravenous infusion in medium and long term, especially for patients with cancer chemotherapy. But there are some complications in PICC catheter, among which the vein thrombosis is the most serious one. Once it has occurred, it may endanger the patients life and safety, and increase the patients pain and economic burden. Therefore, our hospital for cancer chemotherapy in 120 patients with PICC catheter. In the whole course of the whole process to take a full range of nursing measures to prevent thrombosis, achieved satisfactory result。 Keywords: PICC vein thrombosis preventive nursing 【中图分类号】R472 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2096-0867（2016）-05-130-01 1 资料与方法 1.1资料 本组120例??者中，男 53例，女67例，平均年龄62岁；置管时间15~240天，平均置管时间为 123天，均顺利拔管。 1.2 方法 1.2.1根据患者血管条件选择贵要静脉、肱静脉置管。 1.2.2导管型号有4F三向瓣膜式导管、4FBD直通式导管。 1.2.3置管方法有普通置管、B超引导下改良式塞丁格PICC置管。 2 预防静脉血栓的护理措施 针对血栓形成的危险因素进行全方位的预防护理措