食品卫生职业技能.pptVIP

按产品特点分：方便食品、功能食品（保健食 品）、休闲食品、快餐食品、疗效食品、民族食 品、工程食品（模拟食品）等。 按营养学分：富含糖类的食品（淀粉、蔗糖、 甜菜等）、富含蛋白质的食品（肉类、鱼类、蛋 类等）、富含油脂的食品（花生油、橄榄油、猪 油等）、富含纤维素、维生素、矿物质的食品 （蔬菜、水果等）。 按食用对象分：老年食品、婴儿食品、妇女食品、运动员食品、航空食品、军用食品等。 按食品在体内代谢后残留的离子分：酸性食品 （如谷类、肉类、蛋类等）、碱性食品（如蔬菜、水果、乳类等）。 按食品本身酸碱值之高低分：低酸性食品（pH 5.3-7.0，芦笋、鲜鱼肉等）、中酸性食品（pH 4.6-5.3，甜椒、胡萝卜等）、酸性食品（pH 3.7-4.6，菠萝、蕃茄、草莓等）、强酸性食品（pH 3.7，青梅、柠檬等）。 在食品界，酸性食品与低酸性食品的界线为pH 4.6。低酸性食品必须在100℃以上高温高压杀菌，而酸性食品只需在100℃以下常压杀菌即可。 * There is a bigger population in China, food supply is a key problem, especially, the animal protein like fish protein is not enough until now, so inland fish farming is an important way toward fishery development in China, A vast quantity of cultured freshwater fish in china is becoming an important resource to be more efficiently utilized as materials for processing except for the materials of traditional Chinese dishes. Meanwhile frozen surimi technology has brought an extremely effective method for the exploitation of so-called low-value and high-yield fisheries products nowadays. Therefore, it is clear and important that an abundant cultured freshwater fish should be developed and utilized as alternative resources in surimi and surimi-based products in the near future. 　Situation of China Fisheries (/) High-speed developing stage (Total output reached 41,22 million metric tons in 1999); Major in aquaculture (The yield of inland fisheries was beyond 20 million metric tons); Postharvest problems (Incoordination among production, processing, and consumption ); More efficient utilization of freshwater fish Frozen surimi -- an intermediate foodstuff (as a functional protein ingredient); Surimi-based foods -- kamaboko, fish ball, imitation crabmeat, surimi-dofu, salad or soup ingredients, and so on. Base on the previous information, it is clear and important that an abundant cultured freshwater fish should be developed and utilized as alternative resources in surimi and surimi-based products in the near future. ADVANTAGES: Quality