IYPT 2012(第25届IYPT题目).docx

25. IYPT – 2012@Germany: preliminary?TasksPAY ATTENTION, TASKS WILL BE HEAVILY RE-EDITED1. Gaussian cannon:?A chain of identical steel balls and a strong magnet (somewhere in the chain) are lying in a nonmagnetic channel. A further steel ball rolls slowly towards the chain and collides. The last outgoing ball in the chain is shot away faster, than you would imagine. Optimize the magnet’s position for the largest effect.2. Cutting through the air:?When a piece of thread (e.g., nylon) with a light mass attached at its end is whirled in the air, a distinct noise is emitted. Study the origin of this noise and relevant parameters.3. Chain of beads:?A long chain of beads is released from a beaker by pulling a sufficient long part of the chain over the edge of the beaker. Due to gravity the speed of the chain increases. At a certain moment the chain does not touch the edge of the beaker any more (see picture). Investigate and explain the phenomenon.4. Fluid bridge:?If high voltage is applied to a fluid (e.g. water) in two beakers, which are in contact, a fluid bridge can be formed. Investigate the phenomenon.5. Bright waves:?Illuminate a water tank. When there are waves on the water surface, you can see bright-dark patterns on the bottom of the tank. Study the relation between the waves and the pattern.6. Woodpecker toy:?A woodpecker toy (see picture) exhibits an oscillatory motion. Investigate and explain the motion of the toy.7. Drawing pins:?A drawing pin floating on the surface of water near a similar floating object is subject to an attractive force. Investigate and explain the phenomenon. Is it possible to achieve a repulsive force as well?8. Bubbles:?Is it possible to float on water, when there are large amounts of bubbles? Study how the floating of the body depends on the bubbles.9. Magnet and coin:?Put a coin vertically on a magnet. Incline thecoin and then release it. The coin may fall down onto the magnetor reconvert to its vertical position. Study and explain t