上外翻译I笔记(4-5).docVIP

第四讲 英汉词法对比 如何体现复数概念 the eastern provinces 东部各省 rows of new buildings 一排排新建的大楼 the Bakers 贝克一家 贝克夫妇 the first electronic computers 第一代电子计算机 Personal tragedy haunted his life, in the deaths of loved ones. 亲人们相继去世，使他一生充满了人生悲剧 outpatient day-student tableware vacuum flask stopwatch family tree palm tree 手相 contact lens 九五折 5 percent discount 座钟 standing clock 三角债 debt chain 三角恋 love triangle 传销 pyramid selling 鸡皮疙瘩 gooseflesh 脚踏两条船 fence-sitter 鱼尾纹 crow’s feet 内八字 pigeon-toed 露马脚 let the cat out of the bag find a sugar dad 第五讲 英汉句式比较 状语：地点状语在时间状语之前 定语：既可以前置也可以后置 劳动模范 model worker 东北 northeast 田径 track and field 中小型企业 small and medium sized enterprise 重心转移，语序的灵活性 He was daring and resourceful besides being a fine shot. 他不仅枪法好，而且有勇有谋 英语重主语，汉语重主题 他的左眼瞎了 He is blind in the left eye. 中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁 英语重物称，汉物重人称 Dusk found him crying in the street. 黄昏时，他在街上哭了起来 Too much water, like little water, will kill the plant. 浇的水太多或太少，这种植物都会死 过去二十年我的家乡发生了翻天覆地的变化 What brings you here! 什么风把你给吹来了！ 英语重形合，汉语重意合 自给率 self-sufficiency rate 他来，我走 If he comes, I will leave. Since he has come, I will leave. As soon as he comes, I will leave. 门开了，学生们一涌而入 When the door opened, the students rushed in. The door opened and the students came crowding in. 英语意合到汉语意合 Grasp all, lose all. 贪多必失 英语意合到汉语形合 Sure bind, sure find. 若想东西好找，事先必须放好 英语重核心结构，汉语重流动结构 I called up the man who wrote the book that you told me about. Lulled by the gentle motion of the boat and soothed by the rippling music of the waves the babies soon fell asleep. 船儿轻轻摇晃，波声潺潺悦耳，孩子们不久就睡着了 （英语是焦点式，汉语是散点式） 英语多被动，汉语多主动 若要信到，贴足邮票 Letters will not be sent unless adequately stamped. 幸亏一个渔夫救起了他 Fortunately, he was picked up by a fisherman. The book won’t be sold. /The book won’t sell. 这本书不卖（人不卖这本书）/这本书不好卖（不畅销） 英语多替代，汉语多重复 Our nation is a great one. In order to promote the Sino-US relations, China needs to know America better and vice versa.