基于随动控制的齿轮测量方法(工具技术投稿版).docVIP

基于随动控制的齿轮测量方法 赵 军，刘 维，马忠祥，周 洋，耿 锋 （中国计量学院计量测试工程学院 杭州 310018） 摘要: 提出了一种两轴随动控制方法令测头沿被测齿面切向或轴向跟随运动分析了在随动控制方式下齿轮测量过程中各参量的关系由此建立测量齿轮螺旋线的系统模型对该模型进行误差分析仿真结果表明跟踪误差小于10μm的随动控制系统能实现高的测量精度可替代其他齿轮测量仪器的数控系统。该方法也可测量非渐开线、非螺旋线齿面增强了齿轮测量仪的通用性。 关键词: 随动控制;齿轮测量;齿轮螺旋线中图分类号: TH132.41　　文献标识码: A　 国家标准学科分类代码: 460.40 Research on ollow-up Control Method for Gear Measurement Zhao Jun，Liu Wei，Ma Zhongxiang，Zhou Yang，Geng Feng (College of Metrology Measurement Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China) Abstract: A method of two-axle follow-up control for gear measurement was presented and applied to gear measurement. The tangential and axial movement of probe along the tooth surface was implemented by this method. The relationship of the parameters in gear measurement by the follow-up control method was analyzed. A system model for measuring gear helix was established according to the relationship, and the error of the system model was analyzed. The simulate of the process of measuring gear helix showed that the gear measuring equipment. with the follow-up control system whose the tracking error was less than 10μm, could reach higher measuring precision than the others with the numerical control system and replay them. This method also could be applied in measuring the gears with the non-involution and non-helix. The method enhanced the versatility of the gear measuring instrument. Key words: follow-up control, gear measurement, gear helix 引言 齿轮测量技术伴随着齿轮的发展而发展，已有近百年的历史。八十年代后齿轮测量技术迅速发展，集机、光、电及计算机于一体，由机械系统、传感器系统、数控系统和应用软件等组成，它的特点是采用计算机数控CNC（Computerized Numerical Control）和电子展成坐标测量技术，可以自动完成齿轮、蜗轮、蜗杆等工件的精密测量[1-3]。目前，一些著名测量仪器生产厂商已能生产多种功能的齿轮测量仪[4-5]。在测量过程中，要求测头的轨迹非常准确，数控系统必需两轴联动，其精度难以提高。，对于各种不同类型曲线的测量，如渐开线、螺旋线、圆弧齿廓、摆线齿廓等，需要在硬件上做复杂的改动，或增加专用的测量软件模块。本文提出了来实现对齿轮各种连续曲线的测量齿轮测量仪结构如图1所示，测量过程中，安装着齿轮1的回转轴匀速转动，测头2跟随被测齿轮移动，随动控制系统采集电感测微仪3的位移信号，控制测量滑块4做轴向运动，使电感测微仪3的输出稳定在零附近的一定阈值内，此时，测头2相对于被测齿轮的运动轨迹即为被测螺旋线（实际曲线）。同时，随动控制系统采集轴向位移信号、回转轴角位移信号以及电感测微仪3的位移信号，通过计算得到被测齿轮螺旋线偏差。 1齿轮 2测头 3电感测微仪 4测量滑块 Fig 1 Sc