微观应用题英文答案.docVIP

Problems and Applications（应用题1） 1.3As noted in the chapter, the economic incentive to banks is clear—it is less costly to put up with bank robberies than to take these additional security measures. 2. If you can charge $3 more per ticket for a 3-D movie, then you must sell 25,000 tickets to 3-D movies to cover the additional $75,000 equipment cost ($3 per ticket × 25,000 tickets = $75,000). If you believe you will be able to sell at least 25,000 tickets for 3-D movies, then you will be able to cover your additional cost of equipment and the investment is a good idea. For any tickets sold beyond the first 25,000, the marginal benefit will be greater than the marginal cost and your profits will increase. 3 Jill is correct because profit equals revenue minus cost, so the additional revenue minus the additional cost will equal the additional profit. 4. Your friend is failing to think at the margin. It doesn’t matter how much time has already been spent studying psychology（心理学）. What matters is the marginal benefit to be received from studying psychology relative to the marginal cost, where cost is measured as the opportunity cost of lower grades in other subjects. If the course is required, that may raise the marginal benefit. 5. One possibility would be to compensate women only for the second or third child they have. Ideally we would like to know how many children the woman expects to have anyway and give a financial compensation for any child above this level. As this information is impossible to collect, compensation above the average number of children per family may be an alternative. That said, we may in this case be compensating women who would have lots of children anyway, and it is not clear that these are the women we want to target. One way of learning whether the incentive scheme is encouraging more births rather than just earlier births is to wait and see what happens to the birthrate over time. If it continues to increase, then the program encour