考研英语写作讲义-孙壮.docVIP

2006年考研英语写作讲义 ——孙壮 Lecture on English Composition for the 2006 Post-graduate Entrance 一、写作标准 Criteria 1 考研英语大纲(Syllabus) 考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章。短文写作时，考生应能： 1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当； 2)遵循文章的特定文体格式； 3)合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯； 4)根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语言。 写作对策(Strategy) 根本问题(FIRST THING FIRST)：词汇、语法、句式 This cartoon vividly depicted an embarrassing situation: a poor old man, who has drawed himself together like a ball at the center of four kids, is kicked away from their realms. The four children seems all competitive players in a football game, guarding against their father, who may bring up his kids with great effort and pains, from claiming his right of being supported when at a hardly viable age. （漏洞百出的作文，仔细看看，挑出毛病） The cartoon vividly depicts an unpleasing situation: Four descendents, three sons and one daughter, all stand before their goals, defending against their father, who huddles himself up like a ball, from entering their own realms. They all refuse to support their helpless and hopeless father, who has apparently been out of means of livelihood and may have fostered his children with great effort and at great pains.（更正的作文） 如何做到恰当(FITFULNESS) A.积累地道表达方式(Idiomatic English),句式应当多样化(Language is formulaic)，以使语言趋于正确。They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. 2005年考研阅读第二篇 Parent shares their good with their descendants readily when the latter are still young and need care. It is never fair that … To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate.(出处同上) To grant senior citizens prosper respect, we must press forward on a universal concern upon their situation. But concern is inadequate. Laws relevant with their legitimate rights should be enforced to give them a guarantee. B. 范文(exemplary writing)≠模板(template)，不要过度依赖“范文”。 YOU CANNOT FLAYTHE SAME COW TWICE. 熟悉大纲规定所有应用文模板，包括私人和公务信函(letter)、备