驾驶员反应时间对行车安全的影响驾驶员反应时间对行车安全的影响.pdf

第14卷 第2期 交通运输系统工程与信息 Vol.14 No.2 2014 年 4 月 Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology April 2014 文章编号：1009-6744（2014）02-0080-07 中图分类号 ：U421.14 文献标识码：A 驾驶员反应时间对行车安全的影响 * 吕集尔，朱留华，郑容森，韦艳芳 (玉林师范学院 电子与通信工程学院，广西 玉林537000) 摘 要： 公路交通中的酒后驾驶、疲劳驾驶或其他不良驾驶行为会直接导致驾驶员的反 应迟钝，极易酿成重大的交通事故.本文着重研究了驾驶员反应时间对行车安全的影响. 首先，基于NaSch模型提出了一种能模拟驾驶员驾驶行为对行车安全影响的元胞自动机 模型.其次，通过数值模拟给出了反应时间对交通安全影响的曲线.研究发现驾驶员的反 应时间是影响行车安全最重要的因素之一.最后，本文试图提出一种降低风险的策略.研 究结论是：杜绝酒后驾驶、疲劳驾驶等不良驾驶行为是保证行车安全的重要措施. 关键词: 公路运输；反应时间；元胞自动机；交通安全隐患；安全行车条件 Effects of Driver ’s Reaction Time on Safe Driving LV Ji-er, ZHU Liu-hua, ZHENG Rong-sen, WEI Yan-fang （Institute of electronics and information engineering, Yulin Normal College, Yulin 537000, Guangxi, China） Abstract:Abstract: In highway traffic, drink driving, fatigue driving and improper driving directly lead to the driv- ers ’slow reaction and easily cause major accidents. Effects of driver ’s reaction time on safe driving are stud- ied. Firstly, On the basis of NaSch model, a cellular automaton model that can simulate effects of driver ’s re- action time on safe driving is proposed. Secondly, the curve between reaction time and traffic safety is ob- tained from numerical simulation. Results show that the driver ’s reaction time is one of the most important factors affecting the traffic safety. Finally, a strategy of risk reduction is put forward. It is an important mea- sure for safe driving to eradicate drink driving, fatigue driving and improper driving. KeyKey words:words: highway transportation; reaction time; cellular automata; traffic safety hidden danger; condi- tions for safe d