特许公认会计师（ACCA）F3财务会计讲义.pdfVIP

Generated by Unregistered Batch DOC TO PDF Converter 2012.4.319.1599, please register ! 点击右上角分享按钮 与好友分享 Session 22. Accounting conceptual framework Main contents: 1. Underlying assumptions 2. Qualitative characteristics of financial reporting 3. Balance between the qualitative characteristics 4. Accounting principles 5. Bases of evaluation 22.1 Underlying assumptions: ? Accrual concept: - requires that revenue earned be matched against the expenses incurred in earning it, not on the basis of cash receipts or payments. ? Going-concern: - concept assumes that the business will not liquidate in the near future but will continue its operating activities. - the financial statements are drawn up on the assumption that there is no intension or necessity to close down the business. - if not prepared on the going concern basis, then they must be prepared on the break-up basis. - reflecting that: some assets may be sold at more/less than their value in the statement of financial position. ? Business entity concept: - Financial accounting information relates only to the activities of the business entity and not to the personal activities of its owners. The business accounts are prepared as though the business is an entity that is separate from its owners. ? Fair presentation: - really means that all figures in the financial statement have been accurately arrived at when accuracy is possible and that when judgment or estimation is needed, it has been exercised without bias （fair ）. 22.2 Qualitative Characteristics of financial reporting ? Relevance: Information that has the ability to influence decisions. - To the needs of users to assist in evaluating performance ? Reliability: Informatio