英第6章18世纪时期.pptVIP

Part VI The 18th Century The Age of Enlightment Contents Contents I. Introduction The Renaissance Humanists The proper worship of God should be involved admiration of his creation, and in particular of that crown of creation: humanity. Humans were like God, created not only in his image, but with a share of his creative power. 2. New development in science  Nicholas Copernicus (1473-1543) (Polish astronomer), Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) (Italian physist astronomer), Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) (开普勒 German astronomer), etc: The earth and other planets are described as moving around the sun, which does not move. 3. The philosophical trend John Locke (1632-1704) , (洛克 English philosopher) Voltaire (1694-1778) , (伏尔泰French philosopher and writer) Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) (卢梭 French thinker ), etc: 1)?faith in the European Reason and human rationality to reject the tradition and the pre-established institutions and thoughts; 2) Search for the practical, useful knowledge as the power to control nature. 4. The Enlightenment in England Great Britain had developed its own Enlightenment, fostered by thinkers like the English thinker John Locke, the Scot David Hume, and many others. Radical Quakers (教友派信徒) and Unitarians (一神论者) broke open old dogmas in ways II. British literature in the period 1. prolonged social stability and economic growth 2.??various kinds of reading materials appeared 3.??In 1709, Copyright Act was passed in Parliament, which made writing professional, thus more writers appeared. 4. neo-classicism: imitating the writing of ancient Greek and Roman masters like Homer, Virgil, Horace and Ovid, which stressed the classical artistic ideals of order, logic, proportion, restrained emotion, accuracy, good taste and decorum (礼貌). 5.??modern realistic novels appeared around the middle of the 18th c.: D. Defoe, S. Richardson and H. Fielding, etc. III. Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) 1. Life and career English novelist, pamphl