麻省理工学院 生物材料课程 lecture 19 Drug Delivery Controlled Release.pdf

3.051J/20.340J 1 Lecture 19 Drug Delivery: Controlled Release What do we mean by “controlled” release? Control of: 1. delivery rate 2. site of release/activity Need for Control drug Traditional drug delivery concen. toxic level Therapeutic range t1 time from administration t2 longer period of dose efficacy = toxicity risk 3.051J/20.340J 2 drug concen. Controlled drug delivery toxic level Therapeutic range time from administration Types of Devices 1. Diffusion Controlled Delivery Devices • Monolithic Devices • Membrane Controlled Devices • Osmotic Pressure Devices • Swelling-Controlled Devices 2. Chemically Controlled Approaches • Matrix Erosion • Combined Erosion/Diffusion • Drug Covalently Attached to Polymer • Desorption of Adsorbed Drug 3. Electronic/Externally Controlled Devices 3.051J/20.340J 3 1. Diffusion Controlled Devices a) Monolithic Devices Drug is released by diffusion out of a polymer matrix Release rate depends on initial drug concentration i) Case of C0 Cs (drug concentration C is below solubility limit in matrix C ) 0 s ⇒ Diffusion through matrix limits the release rate