麻省理工学院 生物材料课程 lecture 11 Surface Characterization of Biomaterials in Vacuum.pdf

3.051J/20.340J 1 Lecture 11 Surface Characterization of Biomaterials in Vacuum The structure and chemistry of a biomaterial surface greatly dictates the degree of biocompatibility of an implant. Surface characterization is thus a central aspect of biomaterials research. Surface chemistry can be investigated directly using high vacuum methods: • Electron spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA)/X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) • Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) • Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) 1. XPS/ESCA Theoretical Basis: ¾Secondary electrons ejected by x-ray bombardment from the sample near surface (0.5-10 nm) with characteristic energies ¾Analysis of the photoelectron energies yields a quantitative measure of the surface composition 3.051J/20.340J 2 Electron energy analyzer (variable retardation voltage) X-ray source Lens Detector (Ε = hν) e P ≈ 10-10 Torr θ e e Ekin E vac EF Photoelectron binding energy is characteristic LIII of the element and EB LII bonding environment LI