基于FPGA的图像增强处理系统硬件设计.doc

基于FPGA的图像增强处理系统硬件设计 [摘 要]本课题主要是研究图像增强系统的硬件设计，它采用当今电子设计领域流行的EDA技术，以FPGA为核心，利用FPGA强大的编程和逻辑功能，实现灰度的变换，平滑滤波和递归降噪、灰度拉伸等一系列图像处理方法，实现视频图像的去噪和增强。系统的硬件平台的核心器件是FPGA芯片，该芯片的主要功能是对外围器件的控制管理和图像增强算法的硬件实现。并且还论述了SDRAM和PCI接口的硬件电路连接方案和实现。整个系统采用自上而下的设计方法构造图像增强处理系统模块，利用硬件描述语言VHDL对图像增强处理系统进行电路描述，并进行设计优化、仿真。论述了基于FPGA的图像增强算法的硬件实现，图像数据存储SDRAM控制器模块的设计。基于FPGA图像增强处理的硬件方案较好的适用于低层实时图像增强处理，比较传统的软件处理速度快，实时性好的优点。 [关键词] FPGA；图像增强；图像处理Hardware Design of Image Processing System Based on FPGA Abstract：his topic mainly studies the image intensification systems hardware ,it uses now the electronic design domain popular EDA technology, take FPGA as the core, uses the FPGA formidable programming and the logical function, realizes the gradation transformation, the smooth filter and the recursion noise reduction, the gradation stretch and so on a series of imagery processing method, realizes the video image denoising and the enhancement. The core of the system hardware platforms FPGA chip and its main function is to control the external device management and hard ware implementation of image enhancement algorithm. And also discusses SDRA and PCI circuit connections and the hardware implementation. Finally, the whole system of constructs image enhancement processing system modules using top-down design methodology and describes image enhancement processing system circuit utilizing Hardware Description Language VHDL and carries out the design optimization simulation. Discusses the FPGA-based imageenhance ment algorithm for hardware implement tationand and Image data storage module SDRAM controller design. Compared with traditional ways, FPGA-based hardware image enhancement treatment program is able to better apply to low-level deal with real-time. Key words: FPGA; Image enhancement; Image processing 目 录 1 引言 1 1.1 课题背景 1 1.2 系统设计指标 1 1.3 研究内容及相关参数 3 2 方案论证及原理分析 4 2.1 总体方案选择 4 2.2 图像增强处理系统原理 4 3 硬件电路设计 5 3.1 FPGA介绍 5 3.1.1 FPGA的产生 5 3.1.2 FPGA的发展和应用 6 3.1.3现代FPGA的优势 7 3.1.4 FPGA的选择和配置 8 3.2 Cyclone FPGA芯片配置