高分辨γ谱仪探测器-毕业论文.docxVIP

高分辨γ谱仪探测器研究摘 要核辐射探测器在国防安全、工业自动化控制、核保障、核废物处理和核医学等方面具有广泛的应用。随着核辐射探测器应用领域的扩展，要求核辐射探测器的性能越来越高。本论文目的是研究在粒子物理与原子核物理发挥重要作用的γ谱仪探测器，提高γ谱仪探测器的能量分辨率。为此本论文首先采用9813QB光电倍增管（photomultiplier tube， PMT）耦合LaBr3:Ce、CsI(Tl)、YSO:Ce等闪烁体，研制了多种闪烁探测器，并测试了其能量分辨率，评价其能谱分辨性能。其中LaBr3:Ce闪烁探测器在662 keV能量分辨率达到了4.8%。然后设计了CdZnTe半导体探测器，并测试了其能量分辨率。CdZnTe半导体探测器在59.5 keV能量分辨率达到了5.8%。所设计的三种闪烁探测器和CdZnTe半导体探测器结合使用，能够覆盖较宽能量范围。关键字：闪烁探测器；半导体探测器；能量分辨率；γ射线能谱；SummaryThe nuclear radiation detector has a wide range of applications in national defense security, industrial automation control, nuclear security, nuclear waste disposal and nuclear medicine. With the expansion of the nuclear radiation detector applications, the requirement of the nuclear radiation detector performance is higher and higher. The purpose of this thesis is to research the gamma spectrometer detector which plays an important role in particle physics and nuclear physics, and improve the energy resolution of the gamma spectrometer detector. Therefore this thesis first adopted the 9813QB photomultiplier tube (photomultiplier tube, PMT) coupling LaBr3:Ce scintillation , CsI(Tl) scintillation , YSO:Ce scintillation , such as a variety of scintillation detectors were developed, and tested their energy resolution, evaluated their spectral resolution performance. The LaBr3: Ce scintillation detector in 662 keV energy resolution reached 4.8%. And then designed the CdZnTe semiconductor detector, and tested its energy resolution. The CdZnTe semiconductor detector in 59.5 keV energy resolution reached 5.8%. The three scintillation detectors designed and CdZnTe semiconductor detector use in combination so that can cover a wide range of energy. Keywords: the scintillation detector; the semiconductor detector; energy resolution; γ-ray spectrum; 目录摘 要I1前言52 高分辨γ探测器研究52.1 高分辨闪烁探测器研究52.1.1 闪烁探测器52.1.2 影响闪烁探测器能量分辨率的主要参量82.1.3 基于9813QB光电倍增管的闪烁探测器设计92.2高分辨半导体探测器研究52.2.1 半导体探测器52.2.2 影响半导体探测器能量分辨率的主要参量62.2.3 CdZnTe半导体探测器研究8结果与讨论14致谢14参考文献151前言核辐射探测器所依据的原理大部分是利用带电粒子