基于居民合理生活消费的人均碳排放计算-北京玛格泰克科技发展有限.PDF

中国环境科学 2013,33(8) ：1509~1517 China Environmental Science 基于居民合理生活消费的人均碳排放计算 顾 鹏 1,2*,马晓明 1 (1.北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京 100871 ；2. 国电科技环保集团股份有限公司,北京 100039) 摘要：分析了我国居民消费直接与间接碳排放的变化及现状,并通过居民消费的微观角度,分析计算基于居民合理生活消费人均碳排放.试 图通过居民消费的角度建立人均碳排放的核算方法,给出建议数据.根据国内当前主要消费环节的碳排放水平,对比国际先进水平和国内碳 减排升级潜力,计算了满足居民正常小康生活水平条件下的人均碳排放,年人均排放约 2203kg~2333kg 碳.居民基本生活的碳排放主要集中 在供暖制冷、住宅使用、污染治理和基础建设分摊等方面,而衣物与食品消耗、生活物质材料等方面的碳排放量所占比重相对较低. 关键词：居民；消费；碳排放；公平 中图分类号：X196 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2013)08-1509-09 Calculation of carbon emissions per capita based on residents’ rational consumption. GU Peng1,2*, MA Xiao-ming1 (1.College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China；2.Guodian Technology and Environment Group Corporation Limited, Beijing 100039, China). China Environmental Science, 2013,33(8)：1509~1517 Abstract ：The trends and current situations of direct and indirect carbon emissions from Chinese residents’ consumptions were studied. From the micro perspective of people’s consumption, the carbon emissions per capita based on rational level wereanalyzed and calculated. The article tried to establish a method for accounting consumption-based carbon emissions per capita. According to the emission rate of different consumption behavior, the carbon emissions per capita for people to have comfortable living conditions were calculated, which were 2203to 2333kg. Carbon emissions of consumption were mainly fromheating and cooling, household usage, pollution control and infrastructureallocation, while the share of clothing and food consumption, life necessities and others was relatively low. Key words ：residents ；consume ；carbon emissions per capita ；justice 国际气候谈判的焦点问题之一就是如何确 放空间,来实现其现代化发展,实现社会进步与人 定各国的减排责任.国际上大致有 2 种碳排放权 文发展. 的分配原则:一是国际公平原则;二是人际公平原 基于满足各国社会人文发展的需要,发展中 则. 国际公平原则是以国家排放总量作为测算依 国家的学者从人际公平的角度提出