外文翻译---降低测量噪声的五个技巧.docxVIP

附录A 外文资料翻译Five Tips to Reduce Measurement NoiseEnsuring measurement accuracy often means going beyond reading raw specifications in a data sheet. Understanding an application in the context of its electrical environment is also important for securing success, particularly in a noisy or industrial setting. Ground loops, high common-mode voltages, and electromagnetic radiation are all prevalent examples of noise that can adversely affect a signal.There are many techniques for reducing noise in a measurement system, which include proper shielding, cabling, and termination. Beyond these common best practices, however, there is more you can do to ensure better noise immunity. The following five techniques serve as guidelines for achieving more accurate measurement results.Reject DC Common-Mode VoltageMaking highly accurate measurements often starts with differential readings. An ideal differential measurement device reads only the potential difference between the positive and negative terminals of its instrumentation amplifier(s). Practical devices, however, are limited in their ability to reject common-mode voltages. Common-mode voltage is the voltage common to both the positive and negative terminals of an instrumentation amplifier. In Figure 1, 5 V is common to both the AI+ and AI- terminals, and the ideal device reads the resulting 5 V difference between the two terminals.Figure 1 An ideal instrumentation amplifier completely rejects common-mode voltages.The maximum working voltage of a data acquisition (DAQ) device refers to the signal voltage plus the common-mode voltage and specifies the largest potential that may exist between an input and earth ground. The maximum working voltage for most DAQ devices is the same as the input range of the instrumentation amplifier. For example, low-cost M Series DAQ devices such as the NI 6220 devices have a maximum working voltage of 11 V; no input signal can exceed 11 V without causing damage to the amplifier.Isolation can dr