Can we grow sperm? A translational perspective on the current animal and human spermatogenesis models.pdfVIP

Can we grow sperm? A translational perspective on the current animal and human spermatogenesis models.pdf

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AsianJournalofAndrolo~(2011)13I677—682 ◎2011AJA.SIMMSJTU.Allrightsreserved1008-682~11$32.O0 www.nature.com/aja PERSPECTlVE Canwegrowsperm?Atranslationalperspectiveonthe currentanimaIandhumanspermatogenesismodels KirkCLo ,andTrustinDomes, Therehavebeentremendousadvancesinboththediagnosisandtreatmentofmalefactorinfertility;however.themechanisms responsibletorecreatespermatogenesisoutsideofthetesticularenvironmentcontinuetoeludeandrologists.Havingtheabilityto g‘row’humanspermwouldbeatremendousadvanceinreproductivebiologywithmultiplepossibleclinicaIapplications.suchasa treatmentoptionformenwithtesticularfailureandazoospermiaofmultipleetiologies.Tounderstandthecomplexitiesofhuman spermatogenesisinaresearchenvironment.modelsystemshavebeendesignedwiththeintenttoreplicatethetesticular microenvironment.Currently.thereareboth,仃 voand /nvitromodelsystems.InvivomodeIsystemsinvolvethetransplantationof eitherspermatogonialstem cellsortesticularxenographs.InvitromodeIsystemsinvolvetheuseofpluripotentstem cellsandcomplex coculturingand/orthree-dimensionalculturingtechniques.Thisreviewdiscussesthebasicmeth0dOl0gies,possibleclinicaI applications,benefitsandlimitationsofeachmodelsystem.AlthoughthesemodelsystemshavegreatlyimprovedourunderstandingOf humanspermatogenesis.weunfortunatelyhavenotbeensuccessfuljndemonstratingcompletehumanspermatogenesisoutsideofthe testicle. AsianJournalofAndrology(2Ol1)13,677—682;doi:10.1038/aia.2O11.88;publishedonliBe18JuIy20l1 Keywords:fertilitypreservation;spermatogenesismodels;spermatogonialstem cells INTR0DUCT10N cordsmatureandproliferatetoofrm thetestisandretetestis.The Recreating human spermatogenesis outside ofitsoriginalenvir— gonocy

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