4. Mathematical Analysis Section 《参见方克涛：英文科技论文与会议.pptVIP

4. Mathematical Analysis Section《參見方克濤：英文科技論文與會議簡報， pp. 69-80》 數學分析 在介紹數學分析的章節中，常常會出現下面的資料 項目： 介紹題目。 說明相關假設、條件或定義。 敘述主要問題或基本的方程式。 進行分析並得出結果(這項目可能會多次重複)。 說明或討論上述結果，或根據結果推出某種結論。 Example: (介紹題目) Consider a unitary matrix B whose Eigenvalues all lie on the unit circle. (假設及定義)Let be a polynomial that has a peak at z = 1 and is constructed to be close to zero on the unit circle away from the vicinity of z = 1. Let the eigenvectors of B be and the initial vector be expanded as . We have Clearly, if is chosen such that is close to and other eigenvalues of B are not “close” to , then the coefficients of will be small except when . Thus can be regarded as an approximation to the eigenvector of . If the polynomial is written as then we have that where . (結論)Therefore, if the vectors are computed first, the fast Fourier transform can be used to compute at many different values of simultaneously. 介紹模型 在介紹理論或數學模型的章節中,常出現的資料包括 下列項目: 模型的背景或理論基礎。 作者的方法或模型之基本假設或根據 基本方程式與分析 模型的詳細描述。 說明或討論模型的重要特性 解釋在特定情形下如何應用此模型或討論一些實際的例子。 對例子中的解答加以評論。 依據模型所得出的推測和由實驗所得的數據作比較,以便確定模型的有效性. Example 1: The model and analysis presented here were originally developed in Powell (1983). A closely related discrete time model was developed by Switzer and Salant (1980) are recently published in French (Switzer and Salant 1986)…. We assume that a social planner controls the rate of production of all energy resources. These resources are of two types: depletable energy, which is costless to produce but available in a limited amount, and backstop energy, which has a constant production cost and unlimited (physical) availability. The two resources are perfect substitutes; that is,consuming a unit of each provides the same gross utility to society…. The social planner’s problem is to choose the optimal rate of pr