面向对象的程序设计方法第六讲STL剖析与高效编程.pptVIP

面向对象的程序设计方法第六讲 STL剖析与高效编程 华中科技大学 吴义忠 内容提要 1、抽象容器剖析(string, vector, list, deque, hash_map) 2、泛型算法剖析：以sort()为例，类型参数化，容器参数化，操作参数化，函数对象，适配器 3、模板与泛型算法编程 4、STL高效编程规则 5、Boost库简介 1.1 std::string typedef basic_stringchar string; template class CharType, class Traits=char_traitsCharType, class Allocator=allocatorCharType class basic_string //参数 CharType The data type of a single character to be stored in the string. The Standard C++ Library provides two specializations of this template class, with the type definitions string, for elements of type char, and wstring, for elements of type wchar_t. Traits Various important properties of the CharType elements in a basic_string specialization are described by the class Traits. Allocator The type that represents the stored allocator object that encapsulates details about the strings allocation and deallocation of memory. The default value is allocatorType. 缺省字符属性char_traits template class CharType struct char_traits; char_traitschar可以帮助转换 char_traitschar::char_type ch1 = x; char_traitschar::char_type ch2 = y; // Converting from char_type to int_type char_traitschar::int_type int1, int2 , int3; int1 =char_traitschar:: to_int_type ( ch1 ); int2 =char_traitschar:: to_int_type ( ch2 ); cout The char_types and corresponding int_types are: \n ch1 = ch1 corresponding to int1 = int1 . \n ch2 = ch2 corresponding to int1 = int2 . The char_types and corresponding int_types are: ch1 = x corresponding to int1 = 120. ch2 = y corresponding to int1 = 121 basic_string在实现过程(append, insert…)中调用char_traitschar的静态成员 static _Elem *__cdecl copy(_Elem *_First1, const _Elem *_First2, size_t _Count) { // copy [_First1, _First1 + _Count) to [_First2, ...) return (::wmemcpy(_First1, _First2, _Count)); } static _Elem *__cdecl move(_Elem *_First1, const _Elem *_First2, size_t _Count) { // copy [_First1, _First1 + _Count) to [_First2, ...) retur