方向介词to与for用法辨析.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 方向介词to与for用法辨析 请看一道选择题： Though it was raining very hard, he decided to sail ___ Hainan. A. to B. towards C. for D. into 此题的最佳答案不是选项A，而是选项C。介词to和for 都可以表示方向，意为“去、往、到……”，但两个词的用法有所不同。介词to表示方向有两层含义。第一层含义：toward or in the direction of a place or person。第二层含义：expressing motion or direction toward a point, person, place or thing approached and reached, as opposed to “from”。也就是说，to的第二层意义含有“接近或到达”的意思，与from意义相反。例如： １． He came to London last month. 他是上个月到伦敦的。 ２． She stood up and walked to the door. 她站起身来，走到门口。 例1表示他已经抵达伦敦。 例2表示她站起身来走到门口，其结果是她当时已在门口处。 介词for表示预定目标、去向(intended destination)等，含义是with the purpose of reaching。例如： ３． The children set off for school after they had breakfast. 孩子们吃过早饭上学去了。 ４． I bought two soft-seat tickets for Wuhan. 我买了两张去武汉的软席票。 例3表示孩子们出发前往学校，只是说明往学校方向去了。例4表示两张软席票是开往武汉方向。请比较下列两句： ５． He has flown to London. 他已飞抵伦敦。（强调终点） ６． He had left for London before I came back. 在我回来之前，他已出发前往伦敦。 （侧重于离开起点） 介词to通常跟在表往来行动的动词后面，例如跟在go, come, move, walk, return, proceed, march, ride, send等动词后。 介词for通常用在含有离开、启程等意义的动词或词组后面。例如be bound for启程前往，开往……, be destined for预定去……, embark for 乘船去……, head for向……前进, leave for离开……前往……, make for走向……, 往……走去, run for朝……跑去, sail for启航去……，set forth for启程、前往，set off for　动身前往……，set out for出发前往……，start for动身去……，steer for向……航行等等。 [巩固练习] 1． As soon as the rain stopped, they set out ___ the farm. A. to B. for C. on D. off ２． At the sound, she immediately made ___ the sitting-room. A. through B. by C. to D. for ３． The railway policeman told me that this train is destined ___ Nanjing. A. for B. to C. from D. over 4. Letrsquo;s walk over ___ the sun. （1995上海卷） A. in B. to C. under D. by ５． The robber was sent ___ prison for 5 years. A. i