如何写好summary.doc

Summary Writing Outline Definition Uses /functions Requirements of good summary writing Writing techniques Samples What is a Summary ? By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage. A summary, then, is a brief statement of the essential and the original thought of a longer composition or essay. This restatement should focus on the passages central idea. It should indicate all the main points in the passage that support this central idea and the relationships between them, including their order and their emphasis. In the case of longer pieces, it should also include a very few important illustrations or examples from the passage. And it should indicate the bias, and possibly even the tone of the piece, if these are important. But the summary should not contain any of your own ideas, opinions, or conclusions. Uses of Summary Writing Summary writing is a good exercise for improving reading comprehension. It encourages the essential habit of close, accurate, thoughtful reading. Summary writing is helpful to composition writing. It trains one to express one’s thought clearly, concisely and effectively. It is also an excellent way of encouraging your writing habits in general, since a good summary exhibits almost all of the qualities of any other piece of good writing: unity, clarity, coherence, accuracy, tightness, stylistic maturity, and of course grammatical correctness. Summary writing has practical uses. For scientists, businessmen, lawyers, and government officials this ability is not only important but necessary. Qualities of a Summary Objectivity: No idea that is not the authors should be included in the summary, and no opinion of the summary writer should be in the summary. No judgments are permitted in a summary. Completeness: Depending on the assignment, the summary should contain every main idea in the article. Stating only the first main idea or only one main idea and details to support it will not give