麻疹2013PPT.ppt

Measles;Introduction;Measles death ;;Measles;Measles virus;临床症状 ;Syncytial formation caused by measles virus in cell culture ;;潜伏期; Koplik spots the pathognomonic sign of measles in the prodromal phase tiny grey-white dots surrounded by erythema on the buccal mucosa,rarely on the palate and lower lip disappear rapidly after rash appearance;潜伏期;;;; 轻型麻疹;; J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad,2008,20(2):14-6 ;Turkey ;四川省宜宾市翠屏区妇幼保健院儿科;重庆医大儿童医院;;; Differentiation diagnosis ;; 一般治疗：卧床休息，保持室内空气流通，避免强光刺激，给易消化有营养的食物，保持皮肤粘膜清洁。 ;active immunization;;Diagram;Most children are immunized; 到2008年，欧洲区的53个国家都在全国范围实行常规的两剂次含麻疹成分疫苗（MCV）免疫策略；51个（96%）国家在全国范围内采用麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹联合疫苗（MMR）；欧洲区MCV1估算接种率从2000-2004年的90-91%提高到2005-2007年的93-94%。2007年，MCV1接种率95%的国家有36个(68%)，MCV2接种率95%的国家有26个(49%)。10个国家（8个在西欧地区）的MCV1接种率90%，这10个国家的人口占欧洲区总人口的24%，MCV2接种率90%的10个国家占欧洲区总人口的21%。2005-2008年，东欧区的8个国家在全国范围内实施的SIAs大约覆盖2700万人口。2005-2007年期间，6个国家的麻疹SIAs接种率达到95% ;At what age should the first MMR/MMRV shot be given? ; When should children get the second MMR/MMRV shot?; The first dose of MMR vaccine produces immunity to measles in 95-98% of children vaccinated. The reason for the second dose is to protect those persons who did not become immune after one dose. After two doses of measles vaccine, 99% of persons become immune to the disease ;Indigenous measles were declared to have been eliminated in North, Central, and South America The last endemic case in the region was reported on November 12, 2002. Outbreaks are still occurring following importations of measles viruses from other world regions;In developing countries ;An estimated 197,000 deaths from measles occurred in 2007; of these, 136,000 (69%) occurred in the WHO South-East Asian Region;;Who should NOT receive measles vaccine? ;What side effects have been reported with this vaccine? ;Does the MMR vaccine cause autism? There is no scientific evidence that measles, MMR, or any other vaccine causes autism.