北大光华课件《财务报表分析》Chap2.pptVIP

Two clarifications About readings: Must read Do not read between the lines, do not memorize, but get the big picture and the spirit of the article Learn from the articles to be critical of financial reports About group project: Yahoo finance site provides background knowledge and current news reports on the company you pick, learn more Chapter 2: the Balance Sheet （资产负债表） Assets (资产） ==== Current Assets (流动资产） Cash and cash equivalents （现金和银行存款） Account Receivable（应收账款） Inventory（存货） Long-term Assets（长期资产） Investment（长期投资） Building, Property, plants and equipments (PPE) Intangible assets（无形资产） Liabilities + Equity(负债+权益） Current liabilities（流动负债） Account Payable（应付帐款） Salary Payable（应付工资） Income Tax Payable（应交税金） Long-term debts with maturity date within one year（一年内到期长期负债） Long-term Debts（长期负债） Note Payable（应付票据） Bond Payable（应付债券） Shareholders’ equity（股东权益） Common Stock（普通股） Paid-In-Capital In Excess of Par（相当于资本公积金——溢价发行） Retained Earnings（保留盈余，相当于盈余公积和未分配利润） Today’s Schedule A typical balance sheet Definitions of assets, liabilities and equity Double entry system （复式簿记制度） and T-accounts（T形账户） Accounting equation（会计等式） and some journal entry（日记账分录） exercises An exercise: prepare balance sheet Valuation of assets and liabilities Undervalued assets, Hidden assets and hidden liabilities Read balance sheet and supplementary notes The use of balance sheet: Market-to-book ratio in equity investing Common size analysis of Balance Sheet Assets (资产） a) Assets are resources that may provide the firm with future economic benefits through the generation of cash flows (现金流）. b) To be recorded by accountants, an asset must have been acquired the right of use, and the value of the asset’s future benefit must, to a reasonable extent, quantifiable