不整合面的结构与油气聚集-石油勘探与开发.PDFVIP

　　　　　　 142 20074　　　　　　　　PET ROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT　　　　　　　Vol.34　No. 2　 :1000-0747(2007)02-014-2 08 何登发 (中国地质大学(北京)能源学院) :国家“973”项目“中国西部典型叠合盆地油气成藏机制与分布规律”01课题(2006CB202301) :以准噶尔盆地白垩系底部不整合面为例, 剖 了不整合面的结构特征。若不整合面之上无风化黏土层而为砂岩, 不 整合面多为流体输导体;发育风化黏土层时不整合面多形成圈闭。不整合面、断层和输导体构成优势运移网络, 在断陷盆 地表现为“近源”油气运聚, 有陡坡带断层运移-不整合面分配和缓坡带不整合面运移-断层调整分配2 种成藏模式;坳陷盆 地多为“远源”油气运聚, 不整合面与断裂构成的输导体系呈阶梯状逐渐升高, 导致油气呈阶梯状运移聚集;前陆盆地冲断 带主要为“源上”油气成藏, 断层沟通上、下不整合面“系统”, 油气呈“之”字形运移。不整合面的结构对油气运移和聚集有 较强的控制作用, 且随时间而逐渐演变。 图8 表1 参62 :不整合面;结构;油气 移通道;圈闭机制;油气成藏模式;油气分布 :TE122. 1　　　:A Structure of unconformity and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation HE Deng-fa (S choo l of E nerg y R esources, Ch ina University of Geosciences, B eij ing 100083, Ch ina ) Abstract:The structural characteristics of unconfor ities are analyzed with the Cretaceous base unconfor ity in Junggar Basin as an exa ple. Unconfor ity surfaces are the carrier beds in ost cases if sandstones develop on the . If weathering clay zones develop, the unconfor ities usually for traps. The unconfor ity surface, the fault, and the carrier bed constitute an efficient igration net. In faulted basins, hydrocarbons igrate and accu ulate nea-r sourcein two ways, vertically igrating along the fault and adjusting along the unconfor ity in a steep slope, and horizontally igrating along the unconfor ity and vertically adjusting along the fault in a shallow slope. In depression basins, hydrocarbons accu ulate far fro the source, pools are distributed step-like as a result of the step-like rising of the igration pathway net co posed of faults and unconfor ity surfaces. Hydrocarbons accu ulate over the sourcein fold-and-thrust belts of fo