柱状统计图横轴的刻度.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 線的變動 The two lines cross [intersect, meet] at ~ Line A crosses [intersects, meets] line B. The line cuts the axis at ~ 與~軸線相切 The line turns upward [downward]. The straight line joins the two points. 連結這兩點 If we plot the function, we shall get a straight line. Graphically the formula [equation] gives a curve, as shown in Fig. 5. The region [portion, area] is bounded by the coordinate axes and line A. The curve becomes gentle [steep] after ~ The curve rises [falls] gently [平緩的] [rapidly] after ~ The curve culminates [達到最高點] at ~ 達於頂點 各種圖表 Venn Diagram (范氏圖) Venn Diagram是以圓的組合來表示集合的圖形 A set (集合)，有時會以class, category, group等字表示 the universal set (全體集合) a subset [a proper subset] of A (A的[真]子集合) the union of A and B (A和B的聯集) the complement of A (A的補集合) the null [empty] set (空集合) set A includes set B (A集合包含B集合) set A is nonexistent [A is a null set.] (A集合不存在) set A excludes q (A集合不含q [q在A集合之外]) the element [member] of a set (集合的要素) q belongs to set A (元素q屬於A集合) set A contains q (A集合包含q) equal sets (同一集合) set A and B are equal [identical] (A集合和B集合相同) the intersection of sets A and B (A集合和B集合的交集) sets A and B intersect (集合A和集合B相交) the overlap of A and B (A和B的重疊部分) A and B overlap (A和B重疊) A part of circle A overlaps circle B (圓A的一部分和圓B重疊) there are members common to A and B (A和B有共通的元素) A and B have some elements in common (A和B持有共通的要素) PIE CHART (圓形圖) Pie Chart為表示各個部分在整體中所占的比例(proportion) Example 世界各國的人口比例，可將圓依比例大小劃分，顯示百分率，便成圓形圖 每塊扇形(sector)，依內側角(angle)大小不同，顯出百分比例的視覺效果 HISTOGRAM (柱狀統計圖) BAR CHART (長條圖) 柱狀統計圖 將兩個有關的數量，以其中之一為底邊，皆以等距離間隔(interval)區分，其範圍內的頻率(frequency)以柱狀的高矮表示 若以1960-1970為一區段，1960稱為區段的下限(class lower limit)，1970則稱為區段的上限(class upper limit) 注意： 柱狀統計圖與長條圖雖然類似，但表示的內容不同 柱狀統計圖橫軸的刻度，是將某一範圍間隔區分，但長條圖只有縱軸表示數量的刻度，橫軸只單純標記出項目 TREE DIAGRAM (樹狀圖) Three (樹狀圖)、Branching Diagram (分支圖)、Tree Arrangement (樹狀排列) 樹狀圖用來表示 分類(scheme of classification) 細分(subdivision) 系譜(genealogy) 構造