基于单片机和FPGA的数字鉴频器及在labview中显示.doc

摘 要 随着电子信息产业的发展，频率已成为一个很重要的参数，频率也是系统工作速度的重要指标，并且与许多电参量的测量方案和测量结果都有着十分密切的关系，因此频率的测量就显得尤为重要。频率的测量方法有很多种，目前多用的是电子计数器测频，它具有精度高、使用方便、速度快等优点，是频率测量的重要手段之一。电子测频有两种方式：一是直接测频法，即在一定的鉴频门宽内测量被测信号的脉冲个数；二是间接测频法，如周期测量法。前者一般用于高频信号的测量，后者一般用于低频信号的测量。 本设计用FPGA和单片机实现一个100MHz以内的数字鉴频器，100MHz以内的信号可以是连续的、间断的正弦信号，也可以是方波包络调制的连续、间断的正弦波，并且保证较好的精确度。 本设计引入了等精度算法，利用FPGA对标准频率信号和待测频率信号的上升沿分别进行计数，并设置合适的鉴频门宽，鉴频时间结束之后，再利用等精度算法得出待测信号的频率。结果表明，电子计数器鉴频能取得较好的精度，而用单片机和FPGA联合工作进行鉴频，不仅精度高，而且速度也很快，测量范围广。 关键词：等精度；FPGA；电子计数器测频 Abstract With the development of electronic information industry，the frequency has become an important indicator of a very important parameter, It is also an important indicator of the speed of work and have a very close relationship with a lot of electric parameters measuring programs and measuring results, so the frequency measurement is particularly important. There are many ways to measure frequency, and the frequency discriminator method most commonly used is electronic counter frequency measurement, it has a high precision,and easy to use, it become one of the important means of frequency measurement. There are tow ways for electronic frequency measurement: One of them is the direct measurement, namely measure the number of pulses of the measured signal in the frequency discriminator gate width; Another is indirect frequency measurement, such as the cycle measurement. The former is generally used for the measurement of high-frequency signal; The latter is generally used for the measurement of low-frequency signals. The purpose of this design is to design a digital frequency discriminator that can discriminate sinusoidal signals within 100MHz. The signal can be continuous or intermittent, and it can also be continuous or intermittent sinusoidal signals that be modulated by a square wave. The design should ensure a better accuracy. This design introduces the equal precision arithmetic,it counts numbers on the rising edge of the standard signal and the target signals with using FP