毕业设计：低品质生物质能源的利用现状研究.docx

摘 要甲醇是结构最简单的醇类物质，它是化工行业当中一种极为重要的有机溶剂和合成原料，它在医药、染料、涂料和国防等领域都有极为广泛的应用，同时，甲醇还是未来一种非常有前景的清洁替代燃料。甲醇工业是化学工业中极其重要的组成部分，甲醇工业的发展水平在一定程度上可以代表一个国家的化学工业水平。本设计的目的是完成35万t/a甲醇合成工段的工艺设计，通过查阅资料，低压合成工艺相较高压和中压合成工艺具有明显的优势，故本设计采用低压合成工艺合成甲醇。在计算环节，采用Aspen plus软件进行合成工艺流程的物料衡算和热量衡算，根据计算结果再进行反应器、换热器、辅助设备和管道等的设计计算和选型。应用CAD绘图软件绘制包括工艺流程图、总平面布置图、设备布置图和主要设备装配图等图纸。此外，在环境保护、安全工程和技术经济等方面对本设计进行了评价分析。关键词：甲醇合成；物料衡算；热量衡算；Aspen plusABSTRACTAs one of alcohols, methanol has the most simple structure. It is a very important organic solvent and raw material in chemical industry. Methanol is widely used in medicine, dye, paint and defense industry. At the same time, methanol is an alternative clean fuel with broad prospects in the future. As one of the most important part of the chemical industry, the level of development of methanol industry can represents the level of chemical industry of one country to a certain extent.The purpose of this design is to complete the technical design of 350000 t/a methanol synthesis. By checking some data, low-pressure synthesis process has obvious advantages compared with high-pressure and medium-pressure synthesis process. So the current design select low-pressure synthesis process. In the link of calculation, Aspen plus software was used for the calculation of material balance and heat balance in the technological process of methanol synthesis. Then the calculation and selection of the reactor, heat exchanger, auxiliary equipment and conduit were completed according to the calculation results. The diagrams were drawn, including process flow chart, general plane layout, equipment layout and major equipment assembly drawings by the CAD software. Environmental protection, safety engineering and technical and economic evaluation was also carried out in this work.Keywords: Methanol synthesis; Material balance; Heat balance; Aspen plus目 录1总 论11.1 甲醇概况11.1.1 甲醇的性质11.1.2 甲醇的用途11.1.3 合成甲醇的发展历程31.1.4 国内外甲醇工业现状31.1.5 国内甲醇供需概况41.2 甲醇合成工艺概述41.2.1 高压法41.2.2 中压法51.2.3 低压法51.2.4 联醇工艺61.3