激光-电弧复合焊接技术研究本科.docVIP

编号 本科生毕业The Subject of Graduation Project 学 生 姓 名 专 业 机械设计制造及其自动化 学 号 指 导 教 师 学 院 机电工程学院 摘 要 本文在对激光-电弧复合焊接技术研究现状总结的基础上，对复合热源焊接技术进行了工艺基础及应用的研究。 本文采用YAG -MAG激光电弧和CO2激光器-MAG焊机进行了复合焊接试验。试验中主要对激光功率、电弧功率及保护气体对熔滴过渡的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在一定的焊接工艺条件下，焊缝熔深主要由激光功率影响，焊缝熔宽主要由电弧功率影响。电弧对熔深影响不大，但电弧电流过大时，焊接熔深反而减小，主要是由于电流过大时熔滴过渡方式改变，等离子体和熔滴对激光产生屏蔽和阻碍，使激光能量减弱。实验数据表明：当激光功率为2.5kW，焊接电流为180A时较为理想；焊接速度在1.2~1.4m/min左右时，焊缝形貌较好，激光与电弧耦合效果最佳，焊缝成形系数较低，熔滴过渡、电信号波形稳定。 关键词：激光-电弧复合焊接 等离子体 熔滴过度 保护气体 ABSTRACT In this paper, on the basis of summarizing hybrid welding technique,a program of experimental work was undertaken to investigate the hybrid laser–MAG welding process and its application. This paper uses YAG laser-MAG and CO2 laser and MAG welding machine to do the hybrid welding test. The effects of laser power, arc voltage, arc current and shielding gas on bead profile and droplet transfer are studied. The results indicate that under certain conditions of welding, the arc power mainly affects the weld width, the laser power is the main effect of the composite weld penetration. Arc current has little effect on the welding penetration, but the welding penetration decreaces when arc current is too large. Because the plasma and droplet shield laser.Laser power is 2.5kW, 180A is the required welding current; the welding speed at 1.2~1.4m / min, so the better appearance is visible. The laser and arc coupling effect is in the best state, weld reinforcement shape coefficient in stability, droplet transfer and the electrical signal are in stability. Key words: laser-arc hybrid welding laser-induced plasma droplet transfer shielding gas 绪论 为了解决传统焊接中遇到的一系列问题，于20世纪80年代初期，英国学者W.M.Steen 首先提出了激光与电弧复合焊接这一全新的焊接形式。但是受当时条件限制，这种技术并没有立刻引起广泛关注。近年来随着工业生产对焊接工艺的要求越来越高，各国学者再次将精力集中到激光-电弧复合焊接技术上来。激光-电弧复合焊接是将两种截然不同的热源复合在了一起，是两种热源相互影响，优势互补形成了一种更加高效地焊接方式。