大豆和小麦对土壤中镉的吸收与富集研究-北京土肥工作站.DOCVIP

大豆和小麦对土壤中镉的吸收与富集研究 赵鲁1，李旭军2*，刘安辉1，吴文强2，叶琰1，张泽1，刘清扬1，蒋增1，许丽1 （1轻工业环境保护研究所，北京，100089；2北京市土肥工作站，北京，100029） 摘要：在温室条件下，采用盆栽方法研究了大豆和小麦在全镉含量为0.211~2.011 mg/kg的土壤中生长状况以及对镉的吸收与富集特征。结果表明，试验所设土壤镉含量对两种作物的株高和单盆籽粒数没有影响。随土壤镉含量的增加，两者单盆产量呈先增加后降低的趋势。大豆籽粒在土壤全镉含量为0.211~0.811 mg/kg时，小麦籽粒在土壤全镉含量为1.411~2.011 mg/kg时，更容易积累镉。添加镉能明显增加两种作物植株各部分镉含量。外源添加镉对大豆的转移系数影响不明显，但能增加小麦的转移系数。两种作物的富集系数基本表现为根＞茎叶＞籽粒。在土壤全镉含量低于0.511 mg/kg时，大豆根和茎的富集系数接近或大于1.0，对镉的吸收较强。在全镉含量高于0.811 mg/kg时，小麦茎叶的富集系数接近或大于1.0，对镉的吸收较强。小麦根的富集系数均高于大豆，且大于1.0，前者具有更高的镉富集能力。 关键词：大豆 小麦 镉含量 转移系数 富集系数 Uptake and Accumulation Characteristics of Cadmium by Soybean and Wheat in Soil ZHAO Lu1,LI Xu-jun2*,LIU An-hui1,WU Wen-qiang2,Ye Yan1,ZHANG Ze1,LIU Qing-yang1,JIANG Zeng1,Xu Li1 (1 Environmental Protection Institute of Light Industry,Beijing,100089,China; 2 Beijing Soil and Fertilizer Station,Beijing,100029,China) Abstract: A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, to study the growth condition, uptake and accumulation characteristics of cadmium by soybean and wheat planted in the soil with cadmium concentration of 0.211~2.011 mg/kg. The results showed that no impact of soil cadmium concentration was found on the plant height and grain numbers of two crops. With soil cadmium concentration increasing, the yield per pot of the two crops rose in the soil of low cadmium concentration, and fell in that of high. It was easier to accumulate cadmium for the soybean seed in the soil cadmium content of 0.211~2.011 mg/kg, and the wheat seed of 1.411~2.011 mg/kg. Adding of cadmium increased the cadmium content of each part of the two crop plants. The translocation factor (TF) of wheat increased due to the adding of cadmium, but that of soybean had no significant change. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) of the two crops are in the following order: root＞stem and leaf＞grain. The cadmium absorption capacity of soybean root and stem was strong, and BCF of them was above 1.0 when the soil cadmium content was less than 0.511 mg/kg. The cadmium absorption