氮素添加对青藏高原高寒草甸植物群落物种丰富度及其与地上生产力.PDFVIP

植物生态学报 2010, 34 (10): 1125–1131 doi: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.10.001 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 氮素添加对青藏高原高寒草甸植物群落物种丰富 度及其与地上生产力关系的影响 张杰琦 李 奇 任正炜 杨 雪 王 刚* 兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室, 兰州, 730000 摘 要 植物种群对有限资源的竞争是决定植物群落物种组成、多样性和生产力等群落结构和功能的主要因素。该文以青藏 高原高寒草甸为研究对象, 研究了短期内不同水平的氮素添加对高寒草甸植物群落的影响。结果表明: 1)氮素添加提高了土壤中 NO3–-N等可利用资源的含量, 增加了植物群落植被的盖度, 减小了植被的透光率, 随着施氮量的增加, 群落中物种丰富度显著 降低(p 0.001); 2)氮素添加显著改变了植物群落的地上生产力(p 0.05), 随着施氮量的增加, 地上生产力呈先增加后降低的变 化趋势, 各功能群中禾草生物量显著增加, 而杂类草和豆科植物生物量随施氮量的增加逐渐减少; 3)物种多样性与植被透光率 呈线性正相关(p 0.05); 地上生产力与土壤NO3–-N含量呈线性正相关(p 0.05); 物种丰富度与地上生产力之间呈负相关关系。 这说明短期内氮素添加通过改变土壤中NO3–-N等可利用资源的含量而对植物群落物种组成和地上生产力产生影响。 关键词 地上生产力, 氮素添加, 土壤NO3–-N含量, 物种丰富度, 植被透光率 Effects of nitrogen addition on species richness and relationship between species richness and aboveground productivity of alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China ZHANG Jie-Qi, LI Qi, REN Zheng-Wei, YANG Xue, and WANG Gang∗ Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Abstract Aims Competition for different limiting resources among plant species is the main factor that influences plant community composition, diversity and productivity. Our objective was to investigate the effects of different levels of nitrogen addition on species richness and aboveground productivity of alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Methods We added nitrogen in a completely randomized block design and measured plant aboveground bio- mass, species composition, vegetation light penetration and soil pH and NO3–-N content in each plot. Regression and analysis of variance were used to analyze the responses of these measures to different levels of nitrogen addi- tion. Important findings Nitrogen add