单片机测量电机转速的原理及程序.docVIP

攀枝花学院毕业设计（论文） 单片机测量电机转速的原理及程序 学生姓名： 学生学号： 8 院（系）： 电气信息工程学院 年级专业： 03工业电气自动化 指导教师： 二〇〇六年五月  摘 要 在生产过程中，电机的应用十分广泛，为了更好地利用电机，在实际的生产过程中便运用单片机对其转速进行测量，以便更好地为生产和生活服务。 在本方案中，测量转速的霍尔传感器和机轴同轴连接，机轴每转一周，产生一定量的脉冲个数，由霍尔器件电路部分输出。经光电耦合器后，成为转数计数器的计数脉冲。同时传感器电路输出幅度为12V的脉冲经光电耦合后降为5V，保持89C52逻辑电平相一致。控制计数时间，即可实现计数器的计数值对应机轴的转速值。CPU将该值数据处理后，在LED数码管上显示出来。一旦超速，CPU通过喇叭发出报警信号，同时灯屏上对应的指示灯闪烁。必要时，CPU发出减速或停机控制信号。 通过对本方案的设计，让我更进一步加深了专业知识，掌握了一些基本的设计方法。 关键词 单片机,霍尔器件,光电耦合器,LED数码管  ABSTRACT In the production process, the electrical machinery application is extremely widespread, in order to uses the electrical machinery well, then carries on the survey in the actual production process using the monolithic integrated circuit to its rotational speed, in order to well for production and life clothing. In this plan, the survey rotational speed Hall sensor and the engine shaft plumbing, the engine shaft every time transfers a week, has a quota pulse integer, partially outputs by the Hall component electric circuit. After the photoelectricity coupler, becomes the revolution counter to count the pulse. Simultaneously the sensor electric circuit output scope pulse falls after the photoelectricity coupling, guarantees the 89C51 logic level to be consistent. The control counts the time, and then realizes the counter idea value to correspond the engine shaft the rotational speed value. After CPU this value data processing, demonstrates on the LED numerical code tube. Once overspeed, CPU sends out the alarm through the loudspeaker, simultaneously on the lamp screen corresponds the indicating lamp glitters. When necessity, CPU sends out decelerates or the engine off control signal. Through to this plan design, let me further deepen the specialized knowledge, has grasped some basic design methods. Keywords One-chip computer, Halls device, photoelectrical coupler, LED number manage  目 录 摘 要 Ι ABSTRACT Π 1 原理简介 2 1.1原理 2 1.2意义 3 2 硬件电路设计 4 2.1霍尔器件DN6837 4 2.1.1霍尔效