基于IFS法评估重庆市蔬菜中农药残留的风险.docVIP

基于IFS法评估重庆市蔬菜农药残留风险贸市场和超市的蔬菜中的农药残留进行抽样监测农药残留超标率先上升后下降的变化趋势农药超标率豆类甘蓝类葱蒜类和根菜类对蔬菜安全影响的风险超过了可以接受的限度，stimate of Vegetables Base on IFS Methods in Chongqing Cai Yong; Li Yan;Yang Junying; Liu Jizheng; Kang yueqiong;Xiong Ying ( Supervision and testing center for agricultural product quality and security of agriculture ministry (Chongqing), 400055) Abstract: Thirteen pesticide residues in eight kinds of vegetables of whole sale marketplaces, retail marketplaces, supermarkets, vegetable bases in Chongqing were detected in each quarter during a whole year. The study showed that the dynamic changes of general pesticide residues ascended earlier, then descended. The excessive rates were as f0llows: legumescabbages aubergine and fruits chinese cabbages green-leaf vegetables cucurbits allium-garlics and root vegetables, marketplaces vegetable bases, external places local. Except the risk of omethoate was over acceptable limite in march, the safety index of all pesticides were less than 1 and the safety states were acceptable in other months. The residues risk coefficients of ( R) methamidophos, acephate, phorate, omethoate, chlorothalonil were more than 1.5, which were in high or moderate safety states, and other pesticides were all in low safety states. Key words: vegetable; pesticide residue; excessive rates; safety indexes; risk coefficient 蔬菜是人民，农药残留依然是我国蔬菜质量的要因素[1]。将HACCP引入蔬菜生产和加工，成为目前蔬菜质量安全管理的一大趋势，其核心是风险评估分析[2~3]。通过风险分析，可以找出蔬菜农产品中风险最大的因素，然后对其进行重点监管，这样可以在很大程度上提高监管效率[]。从重金属和农药两个方面，揭示各地蔬菜的文章很多，只有极少部分文章对蔬菜质量安全进行评，而真正通过蔬菜安全状态指数和残留物的风险系数对蔬菜质量安全进行评却未见报道。 1 材料与方法 1.1　样品采集 3月、6月、8月和11月贸市场和5个大型超市的主要蔬菜中的农药残留进行抽样监测。监测的蔬菜种类主要有白菜类、甘蓝类、绿叶菜类、瓜果类、茄果类、豆类、葱蒜类和根菜类等8大类蔬菜共455份样品市场样品采集按照GB/T 8855-8855标准进行, 生产基地样品采集按照NY/T 398-200标准进行。 1.2　测定方法 按照NY/T 761-2003方法测定蔬菜中甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷、甲拌磷、氧化乐果、毒死蜱、对硫磷、甲基对硫磷、溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、甲氰菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯和百菌清共13种农药残留量。所用仪器为安捷伦的6890和Varian3800气相色谱仪。测定结果按照国家标准GB18406.12001进行判定。质量保证和数据修约，均按照农业部标准NY/T3982000技术规范执行。 1.3 安全指数 理论上，用IFSC可以指出C 对消费者健康是否存在危害以及危害的程度由于化学污染物的毒害作用与其进入人体的绝对量