户式中央空调系统的经济性评价1.docVIP

户式中央空调系统的经济性评价 杨华翼，魏兵☆（华北电力大学能源与动力工程学院，河北 保定 ） 摘要：目前，户式中央空调在我国得到了广泛的应用，并且其系统具有多种类型。不同的系统形式其初投资和运行费用差别很大，因此，对于设计人员来说，确定一个经济的空调系统方式是及其重要的。本文以北京某户式建筑为例，应用动态费用年值法，对空气源热泵系统、户式燃气空调系统、风冷冷水机组+燃气锅炉系统、水环热泵系统、土壤源热泵系统和太阳能热泵系统六种方案的动态费用年值进行了计算和比较，并选用天然气价格和电价作为敏感性因素，对各方案的费用年值进行了敏感性分析。结果表明，在所选择的六种方案中，水环热泵系统的费用年值最小，是一种最为经济的户式中央空调系统形式；电价和天然气价格的波动对各方案的经济性有所影响。 关键词：户式中央空调系统；初投资；运行费用；动态费用年值；经济性 Economic evaluation of residential central air conditioning systems By Yang Huayi, Wei Bing☆ (School of Energy and Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, ) Abstract: Nowadays the residential central air conditioning systems are being widely used in China, and there are several different system options in the actual applications. Different residential central air conditioning systems will have different initial costs and operating costs. It is quite important for the decision-makers to choose an economical air conditioning system. In this paper six residential central air conditioning systems are introduced, which are the air-source heat pump system, household gas-fired air conditioning system, air-cooled chiller unit/gas-fired boiler system, water loop heat pump system, ground-source heat pump system and solar heat pump system. By using the method of dynamic total annual cost with an example of residential building in Beijing, the total annual costs of chosen six air conditioning systems are calculated and compared, and the sensitivity of total annual cost are analyzed with the rates of electricity and natural gas being used as the sensitive factors. The results show that the total annual cost of water loop heat pump system is the minimum among the six systems, which is the optimal option under the given conditions. The rates of electricity and natural gas will influence the ranking of systems. Keywords: residential central air-conditioning system; initial cost; operating cost; dynamic total annual cost; economy 0 引言 随着人民生活质量和住房条件的改善，户式中央空调已经被公认为未来住宅空调的主流产品。与大型