机械式前置汽车变速器实验台设计 英文文献及翻译.docVIP

毕业设计 中英文翻译 Introduction to Mechanical Design 机械设计简介 学生姓名： 学号：0 学 院： 机械工程与自动化学院 专 业： 机械设计制造及其自动化 指导教师： 2011 年 06月 Introduction to Mechanical Design The Design Process A machine is a combination of mechanism and other components which transforms, transmits ,or utilizes energy, force ,or motion for a useful purpose .Examples are engines ,turbines ,vehicle ,hoists, printing presses, washing machines ,and movie cameras. Many of the principle and methods of design that apply to machines also apply to manufactured articles that are not true machines, from hub caps and filing cabinets to instruments and nuclear pressure vessels. The term “mechanical design” is used in a broader sense than “mechanical design” to include their design. For some apparatus, the thermal and fluid aspects that determine the requirements of heat, flow path, and volume are separately considered. However, the motion and structural aspects and the provisions for retention and enclosure are considerations in mechanical design. Applications occur in the field of mechanical engineering, and in other engineering fields as well, all of which require mechanical devices, such as switches, cams, valves, vessels, and mixers. Designing starts with a need, real or imagined. Existing apparatus may need improvements in durability, efficiency, weight, speed, or cost. New apparatus may be needed to perform a function previously done by men, such as computation, assembly, or servicing. With the objective wholly or partly defined, the next step in design is the conception of mechanisms and their arrangements that will perform the needed functions. For this, freehand sketching is of great valve, not only as record of one’s thoughts and as an aid in discussion with others, but particularly for communication with one’s own mind, as a stimulant for creative ideas. Also, a broad knowledge of components is desirable ,because a new machine usual