恢复生态学的理论与研究进展-生态学报.PDF

第 34 卷第 15 期 生 态 学 报 Vol.34,No.15 2014年8月 ACTA ECOLOGICA SINICA Aug.,2014 DOI:10.5846/ stxb201305301238 任海,王俊,陆宏芳.恢复生态学的理论与研究进展.生态学报,2014,34(15):4117鄄4124. Ren H,WangJ,Lu H F.Theories and research advances of restoration ecology.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(15):4117鄄4124. 恢复生态学的理论与研究进展 * 任摇 海 ,王摇 俊,陆宏芳 (中国科学院华南植物园,中国科学院退化生态系统植被恢复与管理重点实验室,广州摇 510650) 摘要:简介了恢复生态学中常用的生态学原理,以及在其自身发展过程中产生的状态过渡模型及阈值、集合规则、参考生态系 统、人为设计和自我设计、适应性恢复等理论;从生境、种群、群落、生态系统、景观尺度层面,以及将全球变化与人类干扰纳入生 态恢复范畴等方面介绍了恢复生态学的研究进展与主流认识。 在此基础上,对恢复生态学的发展障碍与发展趋势进行了评述。 关键词:生态恢复;状态过渡模型;集合规则;生态系统;生态过程 Theories and research advances of restoration ecology * REN Hai ,WANGJun,LU Hongfang Key Laboratory of VegetationRestorationandManagementof DegradedEcosystems,South ChinaBotanical Garden,ChineseAcademyof Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China Abstract:Thenaturalecosystemscontinuetofacedegradationanddamageunderhumanandnaturaldisturbance.Thus,the societal demandfor ecosystemrestoration israpidly increasing. Ecological restoration isthe processof assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded,damaged,or destroyed. Restoration ecology isthefield of sciencethat studiesthe process of ecological restoration. As a young academic 覱eld, the conceptual framework of restoration ecology has been developedrapidlybyintegratingtheoryandpracticeoverthepasttwodecades.Thepresent stateofrestorationecologyisstill far away from Bradshaw忆s “acid test for ecology.冶 This review briefly introduces the theories and advances on restoration ecology. The major principles of restoration ecology,which are heavily based on contemporary ecology theories,include interaction among ecological factors, competition,