社会医学（双语）第二章 医学模式.pptVIP

第二章 医学模式 Chapter 2 medical model 内容Contents 医学模式概念及其演变 生物心理社会医学模式与健康观 生物心理社会医学模式对医学和社会的作用 一、医学模式概念及其演变 Concept and Evolution of medical model 1.社会医学:模式Model in Social Medicine Initially, concept of mathematical logic Highly simplified theoretical thinking of the fundamental nature of medical practice Abstract model (or conceptual model) 最初是数理逻辑概念，即用系统中的一系列公式来表达形式逻辑理论 人类在与疾病抗争和认识自身生命过程中得出的对医学本质的高度概括 抽象的思想观念和思维方法 2. 医学模式 Medical Model Naturalistic and Philosophical view and methodology. In line with the viewpoint and method of materialism and dialectics to observe, analysis and cope with the issues related to the health and diseases. The core of medical model is the viewpoint of medicine, it mainly deals with the attribute, function, structure and the law of medical development 以医学为对象的自然观和方法论，即按照唯物论和辩证法的观点和方法去观察、分析和处理有关人类的健康和疾病问题。 核心是医学观，研究医学的属性、职能、结构和发展规律。 The role of Medical model ? The soul of social medicine Guiding principle Theory as well as methodology towards Health and disease 神灵主义的医学模式 ( Spiritualism medical model)自然哲学的医学模式  (Nature philosophical medical model)机械论的医学模式 (Mechanistic medical model)生物医学模式 (Biomedical model) 生物—心理—社会医学模式 (Bio-psycho-social medical model)。 a.神灵主义医学模式Spiritualism medical modelHow to look at health and disease? Life and health is bestowed by the God Disease is caused by supernatural powers Once offend the gods, or disfavored by the gods , disease is in the form of the punishment by the gods Possession of evil spirits, demons or monsters etc 生命和健康由神所赐； 疾病是由超自然的力量所引起的； 人触犯神灵时，疾病代表神灵的惩罚； 疾病是妖魔鬼怪附体。 神灵主义医学模式的现代影响 在现代社会中，迷信、气功、邪教、祖传秘方的影响依然很大 科学尚不能解释人们关心的所有问题，也许永远也不能做到这一点 具有心理麻痹作用，能够满足某些精神需要 治疗仪式具有社会整合和社会支持功能 其强大的心理暗示作用对某些疾病具有一定的治疗意义 b.自然哲学的医学模式Naturalistic philosophical medical THE FIVE elements  the physical universe, can be reduced to five elements：wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. Physical universe as divisible into two broad categories that were both opposite an