外文翻译--日本式公寓——丰富而小的空间.doc

毕业设计（论文）外文翻译 课题名称 系 别 专 业 班 级 学 号 姓 名 指导教师 年 月 日 JAPANESE APARTMENTS: RICH AND SMALL SPACE History of Japanese Apartments In 1923, the Great Kanto Earthquake hit Japan. The earthquake collapsed a large number of buildings and housings in Kanto area including Tokyo and other peripheral cities. Damages on wood structure housings were devastating. In1924 “DOJYUNKAI” juridical foundation was founded to build reinforced performance. The DOJYUNKAI built their first reinforced concrete apartment in 1926 and built their last one in 1934. Diagram 1 shows one of DOJYUNKAI apartment in Daikanyama. Its floor area is about 30 square meters and there are two TATAMI rooms. TATAMI is a floor mat made out of rush and used as module in traditional Japanese house. When Japanese government formed the housing authority in 1941, the DOJYUNKAI had disbanded. After the World Wall Ⅱ, Japanese lifestyle changed toward western style. The first step was to separate sleeping room from the rest of room. In 1955 the Japan Public Housing Corporation was established. The corporation built numerous housing projects to meet the demand of housing especially during Japan’s high economic growth period in the 1960’s. In order to increase housing density in short period of time, the housing corporation standardized not only housing unit plans but also apartment building layout. As a result, housing development extended out to the suburb of Tokyo and created new town fulfilled with standard housing units. People could not select a housing unit matches their lifestyle to the housing unit. These were the shadow side of fast growing economy and mass housing supply policy. On the other hand, private housing development