语法专题—名词从句 大学英语四级辅导.pptVIP

;名词从句 的概念;名词从句;引导主语从句的连接词;在主语从句中应注意的问题;2. if引导主语从句时，只能用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如： It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。 3. that引导主语从句放在句首时，that不可省。如： That he was ill yesterday is known now. 大家都已知道他昨天生了病。;4. 主语从句中主句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，但what引导主语从句的主句谓语动词的形式须根据句子的意思来判断。 How he worked it out is still a secret. 他是如何把它做出来的还是一个秘密 What they make in this factory are TV sets. 他们在工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。;用it 作形式主语的结构;it 作形式主语的例句;（5）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. （6）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care. （7）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film) （8）It happened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats happened to be there);主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 ;(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination;. (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? ;it做形式主语和it引导强调句的比较;典型例句;In some countries， is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.（CET4-1995.06） A. which B. what C. that D. one 答案为B。译文：在有些国家，所谓的“平等”实际上并不意味着全体人民都享有平等的权利。 ;How the prisoner escaped is a mystery.（how在从句中做状语） 犯人是如何逃脱的是个谜。 Which team has won the game is not known yet.（which在从句中做定语）;—— makes mistakes must correct them. A. Who B. whoever C. He D. Anyone 答案为B。whoever引导主语从句，并在从句中做主语。whoever = anyone who（无论谁，任何人），在结构上等于一个名词加一个定语从句，因此句中若没有先行词，就只能用whoever引导名词从句，不能用who。译文：任何人犯了错误都必须改正。 ;引导主语从句起双重作用的连接词;宾语从句;在宾语从句中注意的问题;2. 如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词make, find, see, hear, think, consider 等，且宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时，一般须用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句放到句末，此时的that不能省。如： The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys. 那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩弄他的