热泵冷冻干燥系统的循环性能优化.pdfVIP

第 卷第 期 华 北 电 力 大 学 学 报 3 1 6 Vol.3 1, No.6 年 月 2004 11 Nov., 2004 热泵冷冻干燥系统的循环性能优化 杨丽坤，刘永忠，冯 霄 （西安交通大学化学工程系，陕西西安710049） 摘要：为降低冷冻干燥过程的能耗，提高冷冻干燥装置的经济性，构建了以 为工质的二级压缩和复叠式 NH3 热泵冷冻干燥系统。通过对热泵系统的循环特性计算，研究了冷冻干燥操作条件变化对循环特性的影响，并 对中间温度进行了优化。计算结果表明：复叠式热泵循环和二级压缩热泵循环均可用于冷冻干燥系统；在常 规的冷冻干燥条件下，选用复叠热泵循环较优；在满足冷冻干燥操作条件的前提下，可适当降低加热温度、提 高冷阱温度来提高系统的循环性能；系统中间温度的变化对系统的供热系数影响较小，由等压比法确定的中 间温度更为合理。 关键词：冷冻干燥；热泵；复叠循环；二级压缩循环；循环性能 中图分类号： 文献标识码： 文章编号： ( ) TQ05 1.6 A 1007-2691 2004 06-0084-04 YANG Li-kun, LIU Yong-zhong, FENG Xiao (Department of Chemical Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China) Abstract: To reduce energy consumption and improve economics of freeze-dryer, a two-stage compression cycle and cascade heat pump cycle for freeze-dryer, in which NH3 is used as working medium, had been constructed. The influences of operational conditions during freeze-drying on the characteristics of the two systems were investigated through calculation of performances on the heat pump cycles. The intermediate temperatures of the two systems are optimized. The results shows that both of the cycles can be used in freeze-dryer, the cascade heat pump cycle is better than two-stage compression cycle under the conventional operational conditions. Higher performances can be obtained by lowering the temperature of heating platen and increasing the tempe